SEC Filing | Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.

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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)


☒	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2022


☐	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number: 001-38125

CHICKEN SOUP FOR THE SOUL ENTERTAINMENT, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	81-2560811
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

132 East Putnam Avenue – Floor 2W, Cos Cob, CT	06807
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)	(Zip Code)

855-398-0443

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, including Area Code)

Not Applicable

Former Name or Former Address, if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:


Title of each class	Trading Symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Class A Common Stock Common Stock Purchase Warrant	CSSE CSSEL	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
9.75% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Stock	CSSEP	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
9.50% Notes Due 2025	CSSEN	The Nasdaq Stock Market LLC
Class W Warrants	CSSEW	OTC Markets
Class Z Warrants	CSSEZ	OTC Markets

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ☐	Accelerated filer ☐
Non-accelerated filer ☒	Smaller reporting company ☒
	Emerging growth company ☒

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The number of shares of Common Stock outstanding as of November 11, 2022 totaled 20,809,845 as follows:

transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐ -2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒ 12,642,428 as follows:
Title of Each Class
Class A Common Stock, $.0001 par value per share		13,115,339
Class B Common Stock, $.0001 par value per share*		7,654,506

*Each share convertible into one share of Class A Common Stock at the direction of the holder at any time.

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Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.

Table of Contents


		Page
		Number

	PART 1 - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1.	Financial Statements (unaudited)

	Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets at September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021	3

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021	4

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021	5

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021	6

	Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021	8

	Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	9

ITEM 2.	Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	36

ITEM 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	53

ITEM 4.	Controls and Procedures	53

	PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1.	Legal Proceedings	54

ITEM 1A.	Risk Factors	54

ITEM 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	81

ITEM 3.	Defaults Upon Senior Securities	82

ITEM 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	82

ITEM 5.	Other Information	82

ITEM 6.	Exhibits	83

SIGNATURES		84

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PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1: Financial Statements

Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets


	September 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021
	(unaudited)
ASSETS
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	36,303,799	$	44,286,105
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $974,426 and $786,830, respectively		96,089,197		60,213,807
Prepaid expenses and other current assets		19,621,665		1,904,273
Operating lease right-of-use assets		17,317,175		—
Content assets, net		142,538,634		63,645,396
Intangible assets, net		292,932,777		18,035,091
Indefinite lived intangible assets		12,163,943		12,163,943
Goodwill		277,083,097		39,986,530
Other assets, net		23,348,656		5,190,954
Total assets	$	917,398,943	$	245,426,099

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
Accounts payable	$	41,876,561	$	12,963,902
Accrued expenses		88,021,429		23,185,368
Due to affiliated companies		2,589,867		489,959
Programming obligations		55,159,246		1,641,250
Film library acquisition obligations		40,739,418		24,673,866
Accrued participation costs		25,030,611		12,323,329
Debt, net		461,287,515		55,275,628
Contingent consideration		7,556,856		9,764,256
Put option obligation		11,400,000		11,400,000
Operating lease liabilities		19,064,596		—
Other liabilities		39,374,480		2,109,388
Total liabilities		792,100,579		153,826,946

Commitments and contingencies (Note 15)

Stockholders' Equity:
Series A cumulative redeemable perpetual preferred stock, $.0001 par value, liquidation preference of $25.00 per share, 4,300,000 shares authorized; 4,073,491 and 3,698,318 shares issued and outstanding, respectively; redemption value of $101,837,275 and $92,457,950, respectively		407		370
Class A common stock, $.0001 par value, 140,000,000 shares authorized; 15,550,276 and 8,964,330 shares issued, 13,195,738 and 8,019,828 shares outstanding, respectively		1,555		899
Class B common stock, $.0001 par value, 20,000,000 shares authorized; 7,654,506 shares issued and outstanding, respectively		766		766
Additional paid-in capital		343,374,588		240,609,345
Deficit		(191,432,641)		(136,462,244)
Accumulated other comprehensive income		36,957		571
Class A common stock held in treasury, at cost (2,354,538 and 944,502 shares, respectively)		(27,158,429)		(13,202,407)
Total stockholders’ equity		124,823,203		90,947,300
Noncontrolling interests		475,161		651,853
Total equity		125,298,364		91,599,153
Total liabilities and equity	$	917,398,943	$	245,426,099

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations

(unaudited)


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Net revenues	$	72,392,263	$	29,096,855	$	139,235,407	$	74,428,631
Costs and expenses
Operating		60,155,906		22,856,374		114,327,838		54,533,027
Selling, general and administrative		27,632,865		14,837,193		55,795,064		34,500,620
Amortization and depreciation		6,349,026		1,538,650		9,677,727		4,114,355
Management and license fees		4,774,758		2,909,686		11,459,073		7,442,863
Merger and transaction costs		15,476,452		201,106		17,503,791		736,860
Total costs and expenses		114,389,007		42,343,009		208,763,493		101,327,725
Operating loss		(41,996,744)		(13,246,154)		(69,528,086)		(26,899,094)
Interest expense		7,658,665		1,304,952		10,991,894		3,533,940
Other non-operating income, net		(4,551,004)		(101,898)		(5,032,201)		(247,037)
Loss before income taxes and preferred dividends		(45,104,405)		(14,449,208)		(75,487,779)		(30,185,997)
Income tax (benefit) provision		(27,320,839)		30,000		(27,286,839)		59,000
Net loss before noncontrolling interests and preferred dividends		(17,783,566)		(14,479,208)		(48,200,940)		(30,244,997)
Net (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interests		(167,289)		9,085		(348,024)		9,085
Net loss attributable to Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.		(17,616,277)		(14,488,293)		(47,852,916)		(30,254,082)
Less: preferred dividends		2,443,970		2,253,385		7,117,481		6,760,155
Net loss available to common stockholders	$	(20,060,247)	$	(16,741,678)	$	(54,970,397)	$	(37,014,237)

Net loss per common share:
Basic and diluted	$	(1.13)	$	(1.04)	$	(3.43)	$	(2.53)
Weighted-average common shares outstanding:
Basic and diluted		17,802,522		16,145,808		16,040,097		14,622,787

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss

(unaudited)


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Net loss	$	(17,783,566)	$	(14,479,208)	$	(48,200,940)	$	(30,244,997)
Other comprehensive income (loss):
Foreign currency translation adjustments		90,212		—		63,600		—
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests		(41,941)		—		(27,214)		—
Comprehensive loss	$	(17,735,295)	$	(14,479,208)	$	(48,164,554)	$	(30,244,997)

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

(unaudited)


	Preferred Stock			Common Stock														Accumulated
				Class A				Class B				Additional						Other
		Par				Par				Par		Paid-In				Treasury		Comprehensive		Noncontrolling
	Shares	Value		Shares		Value		Shares		Value		Capital		Deficit		Stock		Income (Loss)		Interests			Total
Balance, December 31, 2021 (audited)	3,698,318	$	370		8,964,330	$	899		7,654,506	$	766	$	240,609,345	$	(136,462,244)	$	(13,202,407)	$	571	$	651,853	$	91,599,153
Share based compensation - stock options													933,047										933,047
Share based compensation - common stock													63,750										63,750
Issuance of preferred stock, net	52,060		5										1,288,734										1,288,739
Purchase of treasury stock																	(8,584,102)						(8,584,102)
Acquisition of subsidiary noncontrolling interest					84,000		8						(2,200,008)										(2,200,000)
Locomotive business combination																					144,118		144,118
1091 business combination	80,000		8		375,000		38						5,283,705										5,283,751
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest																					(38,385)		(38,385)
Other comprehensive loss, net																			(1,604)				(1,604)
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests																			1,015		(1,015)		—
Dividends on preferred stock															(2,282,069)								(2,282,069)
Net loss															(11,844,891)								(11,844,891)
Balance, March 31, 2022	3,830,378		383		9,423,330		945		7,654,506		766		245,978,573		(150,589,204)		(21,786,509)		(18)		756,571		74,361,507
Share based compensation - stock options													894,108										894,108
Share based compensation - common stock													63,750										63,750
Issuance of preferred stock, net	112,770		11										2,727,469										2,727,480
Issuance of common stock					155,871		16						1,120,403										1,120,419
Common stock issued under employee stock purchase plan					12,133		1						89,825										89,826
Shares issued to directors					16,998		2						(2)										—
Purchase of treasury stock																	(5,371,920)						(5,371,920)
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest																					(142,350)		(142,350)
Other comprehensive loss, net																			(25,008)				(25,008)
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests																			13,712		(13,712)		—
Dividends on preferred stock															(2,391,442)								(2,391,442)
Net loss															(18,391,748)								(18,391,748)
Balance, June 30, 2022	3,943,148		394		9,608,332		964		7,654,506		766	$	250,874,126		(171,372,394)		(27,158,429)		(11,314)		600,509		52,934,622
Share based compensation - stock options													798,600										798,600
Share based compensation- common stock													63,750										63,750
Share based compensation - Redbox													2,232,182										2,232,182
Issuance of preferred stock, net	130,343		13										3,100,463										3,100,476
Issuance of common stock, net					219,095		22						2,255,748										2,255,770
Stock options exercised					40,000		4						301,700										301,704
Warrant issued and exercised - HPS					1,011,530		98						14,919,971										14,920,069
Stock issued under ESPP					9,124		1						67,548										67,549
Redbox business combination					4,662,195		466						68,760,500										68,760,966
Dividends on preferred stock															(2,443,970)								(2,443,970)
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest																					(167,289)		(167,289)
Other comprehensive loss, net																			90,212				90,212
Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interests																			(41,941)		41,941		—
Net loss															(17,616,277)								(17,616,277)
Balance, September 30, 2022	4,073,491	$	407		15,550,276	$	1,555		7,654,506	$	766	$	343,374,588	$	(191,432,641)	$	(27,158,429)	$	36,957	$	475,161	$	125,298,364

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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	Preferred Stock			Common Stock														Subsidiary
				Class A				Class B				Additional						convertible
		Par				Par				Par		Paid-In				Treasury		Preferred		Noncontrolling
	Shares	Value		Shares		Value		Shares		Value		Capital		Deficit		Stock		Stock		Interests		Total
Balance, December 31, 2020 (audited)	2,098,318	$	210		5,157,053	$	516		7,654,506	$	766	$	106,425,548	$	(77,247,982)	$	(632,729)	$	36,350,000	$	205,462	$	65,101,791
Share based compensation - stock options													200,594										200,594
Share based compensation - common stock													31,250										31,250
Issuance of common stock					1,122,727		112						23,858,435										23,858,547
Stock options exercised					77,415		8						(8)										—
Warrant exercises - Class W and Z					43,571		4						(4)										—
Issuance of preferred stock, net	1,600,000		160										36,349,840						(36,350,000)				—
Dividends on preferred stock															(2,253,385)								(2,253,385)
Elimination of noncontrolling interests															205,462						(205,462)		—
Net loss															(6,939,996)								(6,939,996)
Balance, March 31, 2021	3,698,318		370		6,400,766		640		7,654,506		766		166,865,655		(86,235,901)		(632,729)		—		—		79,998,801
Share based compensation - stock options													200,594										200,594
Share based compensation - common stock													31,250										31,250
Issuance of common stock					26,000		3						952,263										952,266
Stock options exercised					282,360		28						2,123,757										2,123,785
Warrant exercises - Class W and Z					64,400		6						267,159										267,165
Shares issued to directors					2,290		1						(1)										—
Sonar business combination																					100,000		100,000
Dividends on preferred stock															(2,253,385)								(2,253,385)
Net loss															(8,825,793)								(8,825,793)
Balance, June 30, 2021	3,698,318		370		6,775,816		678		7,654,506		766		170,440,677		(97,315,079)		(632,729)		—		100,000		72,594,683

Share based compensation - stock options													1,016,981										1,016,981
Share based compensation - common stock													2,457,250										2,457,250
Stock options exercised					32,916		3						274,615										274,618
Warrant exercises - Class W and Z					11,306		1						18,787										18,788
Shares issued to directors					2,845		1						(1)										—
Common stock grant					100,000		10						(10)										—
Issuance of common stock					1,875,000		188						70,499,812										70,500,000
Dividends preferred stock															(2,253,385)								(2,253,385)
Acquisition subsidiary noncontrolling interest													(6,000,000)										(6,000,000)
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest																					9,085		9,085
Net loss															(14,488,293)								(14,488,293)
Balance, September 30, 2021	3,698,318	$	370		8,797,883	$	881		7,654,506	$	766	$	238,708,111	$	(114,056,757)	$	(632,729)	$	—	$	109,085	$	124,129,727

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(unaudited)


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2022		2021
Cash flows from Operating Activities:
Net loss	$	(48,200,940)	$	(30,244,997)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:
Share-based compensation		5,049,187		3,937,919
Content asset amortization		30,794,640		28,556,706
Amortization of deferred financing costs		710,885		354,048
Amortization and depreciation of intangibles, property and equipment		11,904,185		5,264,353
Bad debt and video return expense		1,962,407		2,156,308
Loss on debt extinguishment		311,718		—
Deferred income taxes		(27,393,494)		—
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Trade accounts receivable		(16,531,079)		(7,372,707)
Prepaid expenses and other assets		(7,277,542)		(653,453)
Content assets		(83,647,302)		(52,826,947)
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other payables		(6,876,274)		2,542,629
Film library acquisition and programming obligations		69,583,548		13,079,601
Accrued participation costs		17,470,589		10,328,843
Other liabilities		943,273		1,211,058
Net cash used in operating activities		(51,196,199)		(23,666,639)
Cash flows from Investing Activities:
Expenditures for property and equipment		(3,485,496)		(1,083,738)
Business combination, net of cash acquired		6,249,076		(19,416,449)
Increase in due from affiliated companies		—		6,239,035
Net cash provided by investing activities		2,763,580		(14,261,152)
Cash flows from Financing Activities:
Repurchase of common stock		(13,956,022)		—
Payment of contingent consideration		(6,970,707)		(8,085,051)
Acquisition of noncontrolling interests		(750,000)		(6,000,000)
Payments of revolving loan		(26,121,191)		(3,187,232)
Payments on capital leases		(162,925)		—
Proceeds from 9.50% notes due 2025, net		11,094,946		—
Payments on film acquisition advance		(4,767,238)		(2,417,602)
Proceeds from issuance of Class A common stock		3,533,563		95,310,813
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock		7,116,695		—
Proceeds from revolving loan		55,679,945		18,272,931
Proceeds from film acquisition advance		20,330,867
Proceeds from exercise of stock options and warrants		301,704		2,684,356
Increase in due to affiliated companies		2,099,908		—
Dividends paid to preferred stockholders		(7,042,832)		(6,435,195)
Net cash provided by financing activities		40,386,713		90,143,020
Effect of foreign exchanges on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		63,600		—
Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash		(7,982,306)		52,215,229
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period		44,286,105		14,732,726
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of the period	$	36,303,799	$	66,947,955
Supplemental data:
Cash paid for interest	$	4,120,005	$	3,601,199
Non-cash investing activities:
Property and equipment in accounts payable and accrued expenses	$	552,231	$	163,606
Non-cash financing activities:
Class A common stock and additional consideration for acquisition of noncontrolling interest	$	2,228,680	$	—
Class A common stock and assumption of warrants for Redbox Merger	$	70,005,148	$	—
Warrant issued in conjunction with HPS credit facility	$	14,920,068	$	—
Preferred stock issued for Crackle Plus acquisition	$	—	$	40,000,000

See accompanying notes to unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

Note 1 – Description of the Business

Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc. is a Delaware corporation formed on May 4, 2016, that provides premium content to value-conscious consumers. The Company is one of the largest advertising-supported video-on-demand (AVOD) companies in the U.S., with three flagship AVOD streaming services: Redbox, Crackle and Chicken Soup for the Soul. In addition, the company operates Redbox Free Live TV, a free ad-supported streaming television service (FAST), with over 150 channels as well as a transaction video on demand (TVOD) service. To provide original and exclusive content to its viewers, the company creates, acquires and distributes films and TV series through its Screen Media and Chicken Soup for the Soul TV Group subsidiaries. Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment is a subsidiary of Chicken Soup for the Soul, LLC, which publishes the famous books series and produces super-premium pet food under the Chicken Soup for the Soul (CSS) brand name. References to “CSSE,” the “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless the context otherwise requires.

The acquisition of Redbox in August 2022 added another established brand and leading home entertainment provider to the Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment portfolio of companies. For some 20 years, Redbox has focused on providing U.S. customers with the best value in entertainment and the most choice in how they consume it, through physical media and/or digital services. Through its physical media business, consumers can rent or purchase new-release DVDs and Blu-ray Discs^TM from its nationwide network of approximately 34,000 self-service kiosks. In the recent past, Redbox transformed from a pure-play DVD rental company to a multi-faceted entertainment company, providing additional value and choice to consumers through multiple digital products across a variety of content windows. The Redbox digital business includes Redbox On Demand, a TVOD service offering digital rental or purchase of new release and catalog movies; Redbox Free On Demand, an AVOD service providing free movies and TV shows on demand; and Redbox Free Live TV, an FLTV service giving access to over 150 linear channels. Redbox also generates service revenue by providing installation, merchandising and break-fix services to other kiosk businesses, and by selling third-party display advertising via its mobile app, website, and e-mails, as well as display and video advertising at the kiosk.

The Company is managed by the CEO Mr. William J. Rouhana, Jr., and has historically operated and reported as one reportable segment, the production and distribution of video content. In connection with the acquisition of Redbox, the Company is reassessing its reportable segments. The Company currently operates in the United States and India and derives its revenue primarily in the United States. The Company distributes content in over 56 countries and territories worldwide.

Financial Condition and Liquidity

As of September 30, 2022, the Company has a deficit of $191.4 million and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company had a net loss attributable to common stockholders of $20.0 million and $55.0 million, respectively.

The Company believes that with the cash on hand, together with equity and debt offerings, and film and asset-based lending financings, if any are necessary or opportunistically available, will be sufficient to meet the Company’s operational cash requirements, programming commitments, debt service requirements (i.e., principal and interest payments) and dividend payments of the preferred stock for the next twelve months and the foreseeable future. The Company monitors cash flow liquidity, availability, capital base, operational spending and leverage ratios to ensure the Company maintains its credit worthiness.

Note 2 – Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

The accompanying interim condensed consolidated financial statements of Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc. have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and are consistent in all material respects with those applied in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on March 31, 2022. These condensed consolidated financial statements are unaudited and have been prepared by the Company following the rules and regulations of the SEC.

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Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted as permitted by such rules and regulations; however, the Company believes the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading.

The interim financial information is unaudited, but reflects all normal recurring adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary to fairly present the information set forth herein. The interim condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and related notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. Interim results are not necessarily indicative of the results for a full year. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.

The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include revenue recognition, estimated film ultimate revenues, allowance for doubtful accounts, intangible assets, share-based compensation expense, valuation allowance for deferred income taxes and amortization of programming and film library costs. The Company bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that the Company believes to be reasonable under the circumstances. On a regular basis, the Company evaluates the assumptions, judgments and estimates. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

There have been no material changes in the Company’s significant accounting policies as compared to the significant accounting policies described in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, except for the adoption of ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) as further described in Note 3 and new policies added in connection with the acquisition of Redbox as described below.

Reclassifications

Certain amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current periods presentation.

Cash, Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash

Cash and cash equivalents include restricted cash of $4.1 million at September 30, 2022 and $1.6 million at December 31, 2021. See Note 11 for additional information.

Promotional Codes and Gift Cards

Redbox offers its consumers the option to purchase stored value products in the form of bulk promotional codes and electronic gift cards. There are no expiration dates on these products and the Company does not charge service fees that cause a decrement to customer balances in the case of gift cards. Cash receipts from the sale of promotional codes and gift cards are recorded as deferred revenue in Accrued expenses and recognized as revenue upon redemption. Additionally, the Company recognizes revenue from non-redeemed or partially redeemed promotional codes and gift cards in proportion to the historical redemption patterns, referred to as “breakage.” Estimated breakage revenue is recognized over time in proportion to actual promotional code and gift card redemptions and is not material in any period presented.

As of September 30, 2022, $7.1 million was deferred related to purchased but unredeemed promotional codes and gift cards and are included in Accrued expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Loyalty Program

Redbox Perks allows members to earn points based on transactional and non-transactional activities with Redbox. As customers accumulate points, the Company defers revenue based on its estimate of both the amount of consideration paid

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Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

by Perks members to earn awards and the value of the eventual award it expects the members to redeem. The Company defers an appropriate amount of revenue in order to properly recognize revenue from Perks members in relation to the benefits of the program. The Company also estimates the quantity of points that will not be redeemed by Perks members (“breakage”). Breakage reduces the amount of revenue deferred from loyalty points over the period of, and in proportion to, the actual redemptions of loyalty points based on observed historical breakage and consumer rental patterns. As of September 30, 2022, $2.4 million of revenue was deferred related to Perks and is included in Accrued expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Expenditures that extend the life, increase the capacity, or improve the efficiency of property and equipment are capitalized, while expenditures for repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Depreciation is recognized using the straight-line method over the following approximate useful lives:


	Useful Life
Redbox kiosks and components		3 - 5 years
Computers and software		2 - 3 years
Leasehold improvements (shorter of life of asset or remaining lease term)		3 - 6 years
Office furniture and equipment		5 - 7 years
Vehicles		3 - 4 years

The value of the Company’s property and equipment as of September 30, 2022 is included in Other assets, net on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and is as follows (in thousands):


	September 30,
	2022
Redbox kiosks and components	$	8,507,604
Computers and software		4,766,582
Leasehold improvements (shorter of life of asset or remaining lease term)		4,983,222
Office furniture and equipment		1,363,208
Vehicles		2,642,217
Property and equipment, at cost		22,262,833
Accumulated depreciation and amortization		(3,934,466)
Property and equipment, net	$	18,328,367

Internal-Use Software

The Company capitalizes costs incurred to develop or obtain internal-use software during the application development stage. Capitalization of software development costs occurs after the preliminary project stage is complete, management authorizes the project, and it is probable that the project will be completed, and the software will be used for the function intended. The Company expenses costs incurred for training, data conversion, and maintenance, as well as spending in the post-implementation stage. A subsequent addition, modification or upgrade to internal-use software is capitalized only to the extent that it enables the software to perform a task it previously could not perform. The internal-use software is included in computers and software under property and equipment in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company amortizes internal-use software over its estimated useful life on a straight-line basis.

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Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

Assumed Redbox Warrant Liabilities

The Company classified its Redbox public and private placement warrants as a liability at their fair value. This liability is subject to remeasurement at each balance sheet date. With each such re-measurement, the warrant liability will be adjusted to fair value, with the change in fair value recognized in the Company’s Statements of Operations in Other non-operating income, net. The public warrants are valued at a market price based on a quoted price in an active market. As both the public and private warrants have mostly the same characteristics the quoted price is used to remeasure all of the warrants. See Note 16 for additional information.

Asset Retirement Obligations

The asset retirement obligation (“ARO”) represents the estimated amounts the Company is obligated to pay to return the space a kiosk occupies to its original condition upon removal of a kiosk. The Company utilizes current retirement costs to estimate the expected cash outflows for retirement obligations. The timing of kiosk removals cannot be reasonably determined. The Company’s $8.4 million of ARO liabilities are included in Other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Note 3 – Recent Accounting Pronouncements

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) in order to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet for those leases classified as operating leases under current GAAP. ASU 2016-02 requires that a lessee should recognize a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term on the balance sheet. ASU 2016-02 was effective for public companies’ fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018 (including interim periods within those periods) using a modified retrospective approach. Because the Company is an emerging growth company, the Company adopted the new lease accounting standard by applying the new lease guidance at the adoption date on January 1, 2022, and as allowed under the standard, elected not to restate comparative periods. As of January 1, 2022, in connection with the adoption of the new lease accounting standard, the Company recorded an operating lease right-of-use asset totaling $8,612,596 with a corresponding lease liability totaling $9,991,977. Refer to Note 10, Leases, for further details on our adoption of the new standard.

In March 2020, FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2020-04, “Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848) – Facilitation of the Effects of Reference Rate Reform on Financial Reporting.” The amendments in this update provide optional guidance for a limited period of time to ease the potential burden in accounting for (or recognizing the effects of) reference rate reform on financial reporting. The amendments in this update apply only to contracts, hedging relationships, and other transactions that reference LIBOR or another reference rate expected to be discontinued because of reference rate reform. The expedients and exceptions provided by the amendments do not apply to contract modifications made and hedging relationships entered into or evaluated after December 31, 2022. The Company adopted ASU-2020-04 in the second quarter of 2021 on a prospective basis and will apply this guidance as contracts are modified through December 2022. The adoption did not have an immediate direct impact on our financial statements. We do not expect there to be a material impact on our financial statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” (“ASU 2016-13”), which requires an entity to assess impairment of its financial instruments based on its estimate of expected credit losses. Since the issuance of ASU 2016-13, the FASB released several amendments to improve and clarify the implementation guidance. The provisions of ASU 2016-13 and the related amendments are effective for fiscal years (and interim reporting periods within those years) beginning after December 15, 2022 (fiscal year 2023 for the Company). Entities are required to apply these changes through a cumulative-effect

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Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

adjustment to retained earnings as of the beginning of the first reporting period in which the guidance is effective. The Company does not expect the adoption of the amendments to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In October 2021, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU 2021-08”) 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers, which requires an acquirer in a business combination to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The Company does not expect the adoption of the amendments to have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

In June 2022, the FASB issued ASU No. 2022-03, "Fair Value Measurements (Topic 820): Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions," which clarifies and amends the guidance of measuring the fair value of equity securities subject to contractual restrictions that prohibit the sale of the equity securities. The guidance will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023 and interim periods within those fiscal years. We do not expect the adoption to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

In September 2022, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued ASU No. 2022-04, “Liabilities – Supplier Finance Programs” (Subtopic 405—50) giving guidance to enhance the transparency of supplier finance programs to allow financial statement users to understand the effect on working capital, liquidity, and cash flows. The new guidance requires disclosure of key terms of the program, including a description of the payment terms, payment timing and assets pledged as security or other forms of guarantees provided to the finance provider or intermediary. Other requirements include the disclosure of the amount that remains unpaid as of the end of the reporting period, a description of where these obligations are presented in the balance sheet and a rollforward of the obligation during the annual period. The guidance is effective in the first quarter of 2023, except for the rollforward, which is effective in 2024. Early adoption is permitted. We do not expect the adoption to have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

The Company does not believe other recently issued but not yet effective accounting standards, if currently adopted, would have a material effect on the condensed consolidated financial statements.

Note 4 – Business Combinations

Merger with Redbox Entertainment Inc.

On August 11, 2022, the Company acquired all the outstanding equity interests of Redbox. Immediately prior to the merger closing, CSSE entered into a definitive financing arrangement with HPS Investment Partners, LLC (“HPS”), that amended Redbox’s existing credit facility and the Company issued a warrant to HPS to acquire 4.5% of CSSE on a fully diluted post-merger basis. See Note 11 and Note 16 for additional information.

On closing of the merger, based on the exchange rate of 0.087 for each outstanding Redbox Class A common share, each vested and unvested restricted stock units and the common units of Redbox’s Redwood Intermediate LLC subsidiary, the Company issued an aggregate of approximately 4.7 million shares of Class A common stock and assumed the outstanding warrants of Redbox. Included in the Class A common stock were 199,231 shares issued in connection with the acceleration and settlement of outstanding Redbox’s restricted stock units, or RSUs. The preliminary fair value of the Redbox RSUs was $2.9 million of which $0.7 million was associated with services rendered prior to the acquisition and the remaining $2.2 million was expensed upon the acceleration of vesting immediately following the completion of the acquisition. The results of operations and financial position of Redbox are included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements from the date of acquisition. The Company’s transaction costs of $17.5 million were expensed as incurred in the merger and transaction costs on the Consolidated Statement of Operations.

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Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

The transaction was accounted for as a business combination. The purchase price consideration is determined with reference to the value of equity that the Company issued to the Redbox shareholders. The preliminary purchase price was calculated as follows (in thousands):


Class A common stock	$	65,828,719
Class A common stock issued upon vesting of Redbox RSUs		703,244
Class A common stock warrants issued to Redbox warrant holders		3,473,185
Total merger consideration	$	70,005,148

The acquisition of Redbox has been accounted for using the acquisition method of accounting, which requires that assets acquired, and liabilities assumed be recognized at their fair values as of the acquisition date. The following table summarizes the preliminary allocation of the purchase price to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date and subject to change up to one year after the date of acquisition and could result in changes to the amounts recorded below:


Assets acquired:
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	12,921,550
Accounts receivable		16,650,034
Content library		21,345,576
Prepaid expenses and other assets		11,494,570
Property and equipment		15,504,940
Right-of-use assets		7,183,735
Intangible assets⁽¹⁾		279,600,000
Goodwill		230,908,179
Total assets acquired		595,608,584

Liabilities assumed:
Debt		359,854,921
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		95,411,196
Operating lease liabilities		7,183,736
Financing lease liabilities		2,241,304
Other liabilities		60,912,279
Total liabilities assumed		525,603,436

Net assets acquired	$	70,005,148

(1)

The weighted-average useful life of intangible assets acquired is approximately 14 years.

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Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

The above allocation of the purchase price is based upon certain preliminary valuations and other analyses that have not been completed as of the date of this filing. Any changes in the estimated fair values of the net assets recorded for this business combination upon the finalization of more detailed analyses of the facts and circumstances that existed at the date of the transaction will change the allocation of the purchase price. As such, the purchase price allocations for this transaction are preliminary estimates, which are subject to change within the measurement period.

The identifiable intangible assets included customer relationships, technology and trade names and are being amortized on a straight-line basis ranging from 3 years to 15 years. The valuation methods require several judgments and assumptions to determine the fair value of intangible assets, including growth rates, discount rates, customer attrition rates, expected levels of cash flows, and tax rate. Key assumptions used included revenue projections for fiscal 2022 through 2037, a tax rate of 25%, a discount rate of 11% - 12%, and a royalty rate of 2%. The technology intangible asset was valued using the estimated replacement cost method. Goodwill is attributable to the workforce of Redbox as well as expected future growth into new and existing markets and $7.9 million is deductible for income tax purposes.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 Redbox contributed $31.6 million of revenue and $9.5 million of net loss to the Company’s consolidated operating results.

Unaudited Pro Forma Financial Information

The following table reflects the pro forma operating results for the Company which gives effect to the acquisition of Redbox as if it had occurred on January 1, 2021. The pro forma results are based on assumptions that the Company believes are reasonable under the circumstances. The pro forma results are not necessarily indicative of future results. The pro forma financial information includes the historical results of the Company and Redbox adjusted for certain items, which are described below, and does not include the effects of any synergies or cost reduction initiatives related to the acquisition.


	Three months ended September 30,				Nine months ended September 30,
		2022		2021		2022		2021

	(unaudited)
Net revenue	$	99,561,227	$	99,349,000	$	295,625,227	$	290,801,000
Net loss	$	(15,492,821)	$	(36,156,310)	$	(167,863,000)	$	(95,323,179)

Pro forma net losses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 reflect adjustments primarily related to acquisition costs, interest expense, the amortization of intangible assets and stock-based compensation expense. The unaudited pro forma financial information is not necessarily indicative of what the Company’s consolidated results would have been if the acquisition had been completed at the beginning of the respective periods.

1091 Pictures Acquisition

On March 4, 2022, the Company consummated its acquisition of certain of the assets of 1091 Media, LLC, including all of the outstanding equity of its operating subsidiary, TOFG LLC, which does business under the name 1091 Pictures (“1091 Pictures”). 1091 Pictures provides full-service distribution services to film and series owners, including access to platforms that reach more than 100 countries, and related marketing support, and has a library of approximately 4,000 licensed films and television shows. The Company paid consideration of $13,283,750 through the payment of $8,000,000 in cash, the issuance of 375,000 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock and the issuance of 80,000 shares of the Company’s Series A preferred stock.

The Company has allocated the purchase price to the identifiable net assets acquired, including intangible assets and liabilities assumed, based on the estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. The excess of the purchase price over the amount allocated to the identifiable assets and liabilities was recorded as goodwill.

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Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

The purchase price allocation is preliminary and subject to change up to one year after the date of acquisition and could result in changes to the amounts recorded below. The preliminary allocation of the purchase price to the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of the acquisition was as follows:



Accounts receivable, net	$	4,677,133
Content assets		4,695,000
Other assets		49,348
Intangibles		2,810,000
Goodwill		6,188,387
Total assets acquired		18,419,868
Accounts payable and accrued expenses		129,244
Revenue share payable		1,623,177
Accrued third party share		3,999,544
Other liabilities		711,677
Total liabilities assumed		6,463,642
Net assets acquired	$	11,956,226


Cash consideration	$	8,000,000
Equity consideration - Class A common stock		3,303,750
Equity consideration - Series A Preferred Stock		1,980,000
Purchase price consideration		13,283,750
Less: cash acquired		(1,327,524)
Total Estimated Purchase Price	$	11,956,226

The $2,810,000 of acquired intangibles represents the estimated fair value of the quality control certification process, trademarks, technology and noncompete agreements. These definite lived intangible assets are being amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful life of 24 to 36 months.

Acquisition of Sonar Assets

On May 21, 2021, the Company consummated its acquisition of the principal assets of Sonar Entertainment, Inc. (“SEI”) and certain of the direct and indirect subsidiaries of SEI (collectively, “Sonar”). Sonar is an award-winning independent television studio that owns, develops, produces, finances and distributes content for global audiences. In consideration for the assets purchased from Sonar (“Purchased Assets”), the Company paid to Sonar an initial cash purchase price of $18,902,000 and from time to time will be required to pay additional purchase price based on the performance of the acquired assets (See Note 15 – Acquisition of Sonar Assets).

During the 18-month period following the closing, the Company has the right (the “Buyout Option”), exercisable upon written notice to Sonar during such period, to buy out all future entitlements (i.e., additional purchase price and other entitlements not yet due and payable to Sonar as of the date of such notice) in exchange for a one-time payment to Sonar. In connection with the transaction, the Company formed a new subsidiary, CSS AVOD Inc., and issued shares of common stock, representing 5% of the after-issued equity of CSS AVOD, to MidCap Financial Trust, as Agent. At any time during the three-year period immediately following the 18-month anniversary of the asset purchase agreement closing, MidCap, as Agent, shall have the right upon 60 days’ prior written notice to CSSE to require CSSE to purchase such CSS AVOD Shares for $11,500,000 (“Put Election”).

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Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

The Sonar acquisition was accounted for as a purchase of a business in accordance with ASC 805 and the aggregate purchase price consideration of $53,812,000 has been allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, based on the estimated fair values at the date of acquisition. The excess of the purchase price over the amount allocated to the identifiable assets and liabilities was recorded as goodwill.

The allocation of the purchase price to the fair values of the assets acquired assumed at the date of the acquisition was as follows:


	May 21, 2021
Accounts receivable, net	$	17,373,257
Film library		13,000,000
Intangible asset		3,600,000
Total identifiable assets acquired		33,973,257
Goodwill		19,838,743
Net assets acquired	$	53,812,000

The amount related to the acquired intangible asset represents the estimated fair value of the distribution network. This definite lived intangible asset is being amortized on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life of 36 months.

Goodwill was calculated as the excess of the consideration transferred over the fair value of the identifiable net assets acquired and liabilities assumed, and represents the future economic benefits expected to arise from the intangible assets acquired that do not qualify for separate recognition.

The fair values of assets acquired were based upon valuations performed by independent third-party valuation experts.


Cash	$	18,902,000
Fair Value of Additional Purchase Price – Library Accounts Receivable		1,580,000
Fair Value of Additional Purchase Price – Contracted TV Cash Flow		13,700,000
Fair Value of Additional Purchase Price – % of Film Cash Flow		630,000
Fair Value of Additional Purchase Price – % of Non-TV Business Cash Flow		2,300,000
Fair Value of Additional Purchase Price – Development Slate Cash Flow		5,200,000
Fair Value of Additional Purchase Price – CSS AVOD Equity Put		11,500,000
Total Estimated Purchase Price	$	53,812,000

Based on the terms of the asset purchase agreement, theCompany estimated the fair value of the Additional Purchase Price components based on, but not limited to, expected future collection of receivables, expected future revenue and cash flows, expected growth rates, and estimated discount rates.

The Additional Purchase Price included a 5% interest in CSS AVOD and a Put Option that requires the Company to purchase the shares of CSS AVOD, Inc. (5.0% of the entity) from the investor for $11,500,000. The fair value of the 5.0% interest in CSS AVOD, Inc. was estimated based on expected future cash flows. The Put Option was valued by the Company via a Black-Sholes valuation model assuming an initial price of $125,000, a strike price of $11,500,000, volatility of 100.0% and term of 1.5 years.

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Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

Financial Impact of Acquisitions

The following tables illustrate the stand-alone financial performance attributable to acquisitions included in the Company’s condensed consolidated statement of operations:


	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2022
		Redbox		Sonar		Other		Total
Net revenue	$	31,585,586	$	11,764,766	$	8,464,883	$	51,815,235
Net income (loss)	$	(9,542,257)	$	6,271,509	$	685,381	$	(2,585,367)


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2022
		Redbox		Sonar		Other		Total
Net revenue	$	31,585,586	$	25,831,967	$	21,167,973	$	78,585,526
Net income (loss)	$	(9,542,257)	$	13,131,657	$	453,211	$	4,042,611

Note 5 – Revenue Recognition

The following table disaggregates our revenue by source:


	Three Months Ended September 30,
			% of				% of
	2022		revenue		2021		revenue
Revenue:
VOD and streaming	$	31,417,733	44	%	$	16,907,012	58	%
Retail		24,830,730	34	%		—	0	%
Licensing and other		16,143,800	22	%		12,189,843	42	%
Net revenue	$	72,392,263	100	%	$	29,096,855	100	%


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
			% of				% of
	2022		revenue		2021		revenue
Revenue:
VOD and streaming	$	82,275,461	59	%	$	45,884,136	62	%
Retail		24,830,730	18	%		—	0	%
Licensing and other		32,129,216	23	%		28,544,495	38	%
Net revenue	$	139,235,407	100	%	$	74,428,631	100	%

VOD and streaming

VOD and streaming revenue included in this revenue source is generated as the Company exhibits content through the Crackle Plus and Redbox streaming services including AVOD, FAST and TVOD platforms available via connected TV’s,

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Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

smartphones, tablets, gaming consoles and the web through our owned and operated platforms, as well as third-party platforms. The Company generates streaming revenues for our networks in three primary ways, selling advertisers video ad inventory on our AVOD and FAST streaming services, selling advertisers the ability to present content to our viewers, often with fewer commercials, and selling advertisers product and content integrations and sponsorships related to our original productions, as well as revenues from our direct-to-consumer TVOD platform. In addition, this revenue source includes third-party streaming platform license revenues, including TVOD, AVOD, FAST and SVOD related revenues.

Retail

Revenue from Redbox movie rentals is recognized for the period that the movie is rented and is recorded net of promotional discounts offered to the Company’s consumers, uncollected amounts and refunds that it grants to its customers. The sale of previously rented movies out of our kiosks is recognized at the time of sale. On rental transactions for which the related movie has not yet been returned to the kiosk at month-end, revenue is recognized with a corresponding receivable recorded in the balance sheet, net of a reserve for potentially uncollectable amounts that is considered a reduction from gross revenue as collectability is not reasonably assured.

Licensing and other

Licensing and other revenue included in this revenue source is generated as the Company licenses movies and television series worldwide, through Screen Media Ventures and 1091 Pictures, through license agreements across channels, including theatrical and home video. Additionally, Licensing and other also includes the sale of content and content services revenue, including development, non-writing executive producer fees and production services.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, total licensing revenues, including VOD and streaming, were $30,229,285 and $69,653,316, respectively.

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, total licensing revenues, including VOD and streaming, were $16,288,229 and $41,282,120, respectively.

Contract balances include the following:


	September 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Accounts receivable, net	$	42,508,259	$	25,818,447
Contract assets (included in accounts receivable)		53,580,938		34,395,360
Total accounts receivable, net	$	96,089,197	$	60,213,807

Deferred revenue (included in accrued expenses)	$	11,680,118	$	1,536,687

Note 6 – Share-Based Compensation

Effective January 1, 2017, the Company adopted the 2017 Long Term Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) to attract and retain certain employees. The Plan provides for the issuance of up to 5,000,000 common stock equivalents, inclusive of an additional 2,500,000 shares authorized by the shareholders of the Company on June 30, 2022, subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan. The Plan generally provides for quarterly and bi-annual vesting over terms ranging from two to three years. The Company accounts for the Plan as an equity plan.

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Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

The Company recognizes stock options granted under the Plan at fair value determined by applying the Black Scholes options pricing model to the grant date market value of the underlying common shares of the Company.

The compensation expense associated with these stock options is amortized on a straight-line basis over their respective vesting periods. For the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized $798,600 and $1,016,981, respectively, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized $2,625,756 and $1,418,169, respectively, of non-cash share-based compensation expense in selling, general and administrative expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

Stock options activity as of September 30, 2022 is as follows:


				Weighted
		Weighted		Average
		Average		Remaining	Aggregate
	Number of	Exercise		Contract	Intrinsic
	Stock Options	Price		Term (Yrs.)	Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2021	1,377,339	$	16.13	3.37	$	2,579,201
Granted	277,500		8.82
Forfeited	(68,793)		18.76
Exercised	(40,000)		7.54
Expired	—		—
Outstanding at September 30, 2022	1,546,046	$	14.89	3.24	$	14,950

Vested and exercisable at December 31, 2021	648,119	$	11.64	2.77	$	2,407,521
Vested and exercisable at September 30, 2022	883,760	$	13.42	2.63	$	4,792

As of September 30, 2022 the Company had unrecognized pre-tax compensation expense of $6,094,009 related to non-vested stock options under the Plan of which $886,105, $3,333,955, $1,766,755 and $125,194 will be recognized in 2022, 2023, 2024 and 2025, respectively.

In addition to the compensation expense discussed above, the Company also recognized stock-based compensation in connection with the Redbox Merger which upon completion triggered accelerated vesting under the Redbox plans. There is $2,232,182 of additional compensation expense in selling, general and administrative expenses in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.

We used the following weighted average assumptions to estimate the fair value of stock options granted for the periods presented as follows:


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
Weighted Average Assumptions:	2022			2021
Expected dividend yield		—	%		—	%
Expected equity volatility		68.9	%		60.7	%
Expected term (years)		5			5
Risk-free interest rate		2.66	%		1.40	%
Exercise price per stock option	$	8.82		$	14.28
Market price per share	$	8.82		$	14.13
Weighted average fair value per stock option	$	4.89		$	7.48

The risk-free rates are based on the implied yield available on U.S. Treasury constant maturities with remaining terms equivalent to the respective expected terms of the options.

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Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

The Company estimates expected terms for stock options awarded to employees using the simplified method in accordance with ASC 718, Stock Compensation, because the Company does not have sufficient relevant information to develop reasonable expectations about future exercise patterns. The Company estimates the expected term for stock options using the contractual term. Expected volatility is calculated based on the Company’s peer group because the Company does not have sufficient historical data and will continue to use peer group volatility information until historical volatility of the Company is available to measure expected volatility for future grants.

The Company also awards common stock under the Plan to directors, employees and third-party consultants that provide services to the Company. The value is based on the market price of the stock on the date granted and amortized over the vesting period. For the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized in selling, general and administrative expense, non-cash share-based compensation expense relating to common stock grants of $63,750 and $2,457,250, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company recognized in selling, general and administrative expense, non-cash share-based compensation expense relating to common stock grants of $191,250 and $2,519,750, respectively.

Note 7 - Earnings Per Share

Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed based on the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing the net income (loss) available to common stockholders by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding and potentially dilutive common shares outstanding during the period. Potentially dilutive common shares include stock options and warrants outstanding during the period, using the treasury stock method. Potentially dilutive common shares are excluded from the computations of diluted earnings per share if their effect would be anti-dilutive. A net loss available to common stockholders causes all potentially dilutive securities to be anti-dilutive and are not included.

Basic and diluted loss per share are computed as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,
	2022		2021
Net loss available to common stockholders	$	(20,060,247)	$	(16,741,678)

Basic weighted-average common shares outstanding		17,802,522		16,145,808
Dilutive effect of options and warrants		—		—
Weighted-average diluted common shares outstanding		17,802,522		16,145,808

Basic and diluted loss per share	$	(1.13)	$	(1.04)

Anti-dilutive stock options and warrants		272,987		3,701,061

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Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2022		2021
Net loss available to common stockholders	$	(54,970,397)	$	(37,014,237)

Basic weighted-average common shares outstanding		16,040,097		14,622,787
Dilutive effect of options and warrants		—		—
Weighted-average diluted common shares outstanding		16,040,097		14,622,787

Basic and diluted loss per share	$	(3.43)	$	(2.53)

Anti-dilutive stock options and warrants		248,940		3,785,734

Note 8 – Content Assets, net

Content assets, net consists of the following:


	September 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Original productions:
Programming costs released	$	27,646,669	$	25,669,921
In production		2,244,593		562,808
In development		8,461,662		6,662,591
Accumulated amortization ^(a)		(24,852,300)		(23,268,306)
Programming costs, net		13,500,624		9,627,014

Film library:
Film library acquisition costs		190,489,922		134,463,191
Accumulated amortization ^(b)		(100,026,970)		(80,847,748)
Film library costs, net		90,462,952		53,615,443

Licensed program rights:
Programming rights		49,412,905		1,209,362
Accumulated amortization		(10,837,847)		(806,423)
Programming rights, net		38,575,058		402,939

Content assets, net	$	142,538,634	$	63,645,396

^(a) ^{As of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, accumulated amortization includes impairment expense of}^$8,262,663^{, respectively.}

^(b) ^{As of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, accumulated amortization includes impairment expense}^of^$5,506,069^{, respectively.}

Original productions programming costs consists primarily of episodic television programs which are available for distribution through a variety of platforms, including Crackle. Amounts capitalized include development costs, production costs and direct production overhead costs.

Film library consists primarily of the cost of acquiring film distribution rights and related acquisition costs.

Costs related to original productions and film library are amortized in the proportion that revenues bear to management’s estimates of the ultimate revenues expected to be recognized from various forms of exploitation.

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Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

Programming rights consists of licenses to various titles which the Company makes available for streaming on Crackle and Redbox’s kiosks and streaming services for an agreed upon license period.

Amortization of content assets is as follows:



	Three Months Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Original productions	$	520,471	$	1,756,901	$	1,583,994	$	4,674,805
Film library		7,008,740		10,087,539		19,874,419		23,831,464
Licensed program rights		8,119,792		24,346		9,336,227		50,437
Total content asset amortization	$	15,649,003	$	11,868,786	$	30,794,640	$	28,556,706

During the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company did not record any impairments related to content assets.

Note 9 - Intangible Assets and Goodwill

Intangible assets, net, consists of the following:


		Gross				Net
		Carrying		Accumulated		Carrying
		Amount		Amortization		Amount
September 30, 2022:
Crackle Plus content rights	$	1,708,270	$	1,708,270	$	—
Crackle Plus brand value		18,807,004		9,067,662		9,739,342
Crackle Plus partner agreements		4,005,714		2,703,857		1,301,857
Distribution network		3,600,000		1,600,000		2,000,000
Locomotive contractual rights		1,500,986		477,464		1,023,522
1091 intangible assets		2,810,000		602,778		2,207,222
Redbox - Trade names and trademarks		73,600,000		613,333		72,986,667
Redbox - Technology		29,400,000		525,000		28,875,000
Redbox - Customer Relationships		176,600,000		1,800,833		174,799,167
Total	$	312,031,974	$	19,099,197	$	292,932,777

December 31, 2021:
Crackle Plus content rights	$	1,708,270	$	1,494,736	$	213,534
Crackle Plus brand value		18,807,004		7,052,626		11,754,378
Crackle Plus partner agreements		4,005,714		2,103,000		1,902,714
Distribution network		3,600,000		700,000		2,900,000
Locomotive contractual rights		1,356,868		92,403		1,264,465
Total	$	29,477,856	$	11,442,765	$	18,035,091

Amortization expense was $4,494,547 and $1,483,361 for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and $7,656,432 and $3,994,264 for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

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Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

As of September 30, 2022 amortization expense for the next five years is expected be:


Remainder of 2022	$	7,433,713
2023		29,734,853
2024		28,190,254
2025		25,961,437
2026		23,554,185
2027 and beyond		178,058,335
Total	$	292,932,777

Total goodwill on our Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets was $277,083,097 and $39,986,530 as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively, and is comprised of the following:


	September 30, 2022
	Online Networks		Distribution & Production		Retail
Beginning balance	$	18,911,027	$	21,075,503	$	—
Acquisitions		—		6,188,388		230,908,179
Total	$	18,911,027	$	27,263,891	$	230,908,179


	December 31, 2021
	Online Networks		Distribution & Production		SVOD
Beginning balance	$	18,911,027	$	1,236,760	$	1,300,319
Acquisitions		—		19,838,743		—
Accumulated impairment losses		—		—		(1,300,319)
Total	$	18,911,027	$	21,075,503	$	—

The Company is still assessing the goodwill allocation associated with its acquisition of Redbox between its reporting units. There was no impairment recorded related to goodwill and intangible assets in the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively.

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Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

Note 10 – Leases

At September 30, 2022, the following amounts were recorded on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets relating to our operating and finance leases.


		September 30,
		2022
Right-of-Use Assets
Operating lease right-of-use assets	$	17,317,175

Lease Liabilities:
Operating lease liabilities	$	19,064,596

Finance Lease cost
Amortization of right-of-use assets	$	216,904
Interest of lease liabilities		12,626
Total finance lease cost	$	229,530

		September 30,
		2022
Operating leases
Weighted average remaining lease term		6.0 years
Weighted average discount rate		7%
Finance Leases
Weighted average remaining lease term		1.2 years
Weighted average discount rate		4%

As our leases do not provide an implicit interest rate, we use our incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at the lease commencement date. Upon transition to ASC Topic 842, the Company used the incremental borrowing rate on January 1, 2022 for all operating leases that commenced prior to that date. We have operating leases primarily for office space. Lease costs are generally fixed, with certain contracts containing escalations in the lessors’ annual costs.

For the three months ended September 30, 2022, and 2021, rent expense including short-term leases was $1,357,780 and $506,033, respectively, and $2,683,697 and $1,505,455, for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Cash paid for amounts included in operating lease liabilities was $1,187,931 as of September 30, 2022.

The expected future payments relating to our operating and finance lease liabilities at September 30, 2022 are as follows:


	Operating		Financing
Remainder of 2022	$	1,296,353	$	523,994
2023		4,941,930		1,165,031
2024		4,195,545		475,805
2025		3,675,921		216,739
2026		2,104,048		14,744
2027 and thereafter		6,909,533		—
Total minimum payments		23,123,330		2,396,313
Less amounts representing interest		4,058,734		317,934
Present value of minimum payments	$	19,064,596	$	2,078,379

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Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

Note 11 – Debt

Debt for the periods presented was as follows:


	September 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Notes due 2025	$	44,855,900	$	32,895,900
HPS term		325,774,229		—
HPS revolving loan		79,999,939		—
Midcap revolving loan		—		17,585,699
Film acquisition advances		22,254,898		6,196,909
Union Bank revolving credit facility		6,577,243		—
Other debt		3,737,101		—
Total gross debt		483,199,310		56,678,508
Less: debt issuance costs and discounts		(21,911,795)		(1,402,880)
Total debt, net		461,287,515		55,275,628
Less: current portion		(17,742,742)		(6,196,909)
Total long-term debt, net	$	443,544,773	$	49,078,719

Midcap Revolving Loan

On May 21, 2021, the Company entered into a Credit Agreement with Midcap Financial Trust. The credit agreement provided the Company with a revolving loan in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $30,000,000 at any time outstanding. On the closing date, the Company made an initial draw down on the loan of $18,272,931 in connection with funding the SEI acquisition. The availability under the loan at any time is subject to the borrowing base, which is equal to 85% of the eligible accounts receivable minus the sum of all reserves and to be adjusted monthly, as necessary.

The loan had interest at 4% plus the greater of LIBOR or 0.75% per annum. In addition, the loan contained an unused line fee of 0.5% per annum and a collateral management fee of 0.504% per annum. Interest and fees on the loan were payable in arrears on the first day of each month and on the maturity of the loan.

The Credit Agreement and other loan documents contained customary representations and warranties and affirmative and negative covenants. Under the Credit Agreement, the Company was required to maintain minimum liquidity in the form of borrowing base availability or cash on hand in an aggregate amount of not less than $6,000,000. As of September 30, 2022, the Company paid off all of the outstanding balances and closed this loan.

9.50% Notes Due 2025

On July 17, 2020, the Company completed a public offering of 9.50% Notes due 2025 (the “Notes”) in the aggregate principal amount of $21,000,000. On August 5, 2020, the Company sold an additional $1,100,000 of Notes pursuant to the partial exercise of the overallotment option. The Notes bear interest at 9.50% per annum, payable every March 31, September 30, September 30, and December 31, and at maturity. The Notes mature on July 31, 2025.

The sale of the Notes resulted in net proceeds of approximately $20,995,000 after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions of approximately $1,105,000. The Company used $13,333,333 of the net proceeds to repay the outstanding principal under the Commercial Loan.

On December 22, 2020, the Company completed a public offering of 9.50% Notes due 2025 (the “December Notes”) in the aggregate principal amount of $9,387,750. On December 29, 2020, the Company sold an additional $1,408,150 of

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Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

December Notes pursuant to the partial exercise of the overallotment option. The stated principal of $25.00 per note was discounted 2% to the public offering price of $24.50 per note.

On April 20, 2022, the Company completed a public offering of 9.50% Notes due 2025 (the “Notes”) in the aggregate principal amount of $10,400,000. On May 5, 2022, the Company sold an additional $1,560,000 of Notes pursuant to the exercise of the overallotment option. The stated principal of $25.00 per note was discounted 2% to the public offering price of $24.85 per note. The sale of the Notes resulted in net proceeds of approximately $11,094,946 after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions of approximately $865,054.

HPS Credit Agreement

On August 11, 2022, concurrently with the consummation of the Redbox merger transaction described in Note 4, we entered into an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (“HPS Credit Agreement”) by and among our Company, as primary borrower, Redbox Automated, as co-borrower, the Lenders named therein, and HPS Investment Partners LLC, as administrative agent and collateral agent (“HPS”).

Pursuant to the terms of the HPS Credit Agreement, we obtained (i) a term loan facility consisting of the conversion, and assumption by us, of all “Senior Obligations” under (and as defined in) the HPS Credit Agreement (other than any outstanding Sixth Amendment Incremental Revolving Loans under (and as defined in) the credit agreement (the “Redbox Credit Agreement”), dated as of October 20, 2017, by and among Redwood Intermediate, LLC, Redbox Automated, Redwood Incentives LLC, the lenders party thereto and HPS, as amended from time to time thereafter, with the sixth amendment thereto occurring on April 15, 2022 (this last amendment being referred to as the “Sixth Amendment”) and (ii) an $80 million revolving credit facility (with any outstanding Sixth Amendment Incremental Revolving Loans under the Redbox Credit Agreement as amended by the Sixth Amendment being deemed, and assumed by us as, revolving loans thereunder), combined all together referred to as the “Senior Facilities”.

Interest is payable on the Senior Facilities entirely in cash or, for a period of up to 18 months, could be paid by increasing the principal amount of the Senior Facilities (PIK interest), or through a combination of cash and PIK interest, subject to certain liquidity thresholds. The applicable margin for borrowings under the HPS Term Loan and Revolving Credit Facility is 7.25% plus the greater of SOFR or 1.0% per annum. In addition, the loan contains an unused line fee of 3.625% per annum. Interest and fees on the loan are payable in arrears on the payment dates and on the maturity of the loan. The maturity of the revolving credit facility is 30 months and the term loan is 5 years. Beginning in August of 2024 the Company may be subject to quarterly payments based upon any excess cash flow.

At the closing, the Company assumed $357.5 million of debt ($325.8 million under a term loan and $31.7 million funded under an $80 million revolving credit facility) and drew down $25.9 million on the revolving credit facility, all at an interest rate of SOFR plus 7.25% (10.3%). The Company made an additional draw under the revolving facility of $22.3 million with an interest rate of SOFR plus 7.25% (10.85%). Additionally, we issued a warrant to HPS to acquire 4.5% of the fully diluted shares of the Company’s common stock (known as Class A common stock and Class B common stock as a single class) and paid closing costs of $1.0 million. The warrant was valued at $14.9 million and is included in debt issuance costs and is being amortized over the life of the debt.

Dividend Restrictions & Covenants

The Credit Agreement contains certain customary affirmative covenants and negative covenants, including a limitation on the Company’s ability to pay dividends on its Class A Common Stock or make other restricted payments. The covenant prohibiting dividends and other restricted payments has certain limited exceptions, including for customary overhead, legal, accounting and other professional fees and expenses; taxes; customary salary, bonus and other benefits. The Company is in compliance with the covenants at September 30, 2022.

Prepayments & Collateral

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Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

The Senior Facilities require CSSE to prepay outstanding term loan borrowings, subject to certain exceptions, with:

●a certain percentage set forth in the Credit Agreement governing the Senior Facilities of CSSE’s annual excess cash flow, as defined under the Senior Facilities;

●a certain percentage of the net cash proceeds of certain non-ordinary course asset sales, other dispositions of property or certain casualty events, in each case subject to certain exceptions and reinvestment rights; and

●the net cash proceeds of any issuance or incurrence of debt, other than proceeds from debt permitted under the Senior Facilities.

CSSE may voluntarily repay outstanding loans that are funded solely by internally generated cash from business operations under the Senior Facilities at any time, without prepayment premium or penalty, except customary “breakage” costs with respect to SOFR rate loans.

All obligations under the Senior Facilities are unconditionally guaranteed by each of CSSE’s existing and future direct and indirect material, wholly-owned domestic subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions. The obligations of the Company and its subsidiary guarantors under the HPS Credit Agreement are secured by a first priority lien in substantially all of the assets of the Company and its subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions.

Letters of Credit

Under the HPS Credit Agreement, the Company has a letter of credit arrangement to provide for the issuance of standby letters of credit. The arrangement supports the collateral requirements for insurance claims and is good for one year to be renewed annually if necessary. The letter of credit is cash-collateralized at 105% in the amount of $3.1 million as of September 30, 2022. Additionally, there is a letter of credit arrangement of $0.8 million that serves as a security deposit for leased warehouse space and is pledged by an equal amount of cash pledged as collateral. The Company’s letter of credit arrangements collateral is classified as restricted cash and reflects balances of $3.9 million as of September 30, 2022.

Film Acquisition Advances: Great Point Media Limited

On August 27, 2020, the Company entered into a Film Acquisition Advance Agreement with Great Point Media Limited (“GPM”). GPM advanced to the Company $10.2 million of acquisition advances on August 28, 2020 (the “Acquisition Advance”) and may, directly, or through affiliated entities, fund additional acquisition advances in the future. Pursuant to the agreement, GPM has formed a US-based special purpose vehicle (the “SPV”), which has been assigned the territorial licenses and distribution rights in certain films and productions owned or to be acquired by Screen Media Ventures Inc., CSSE’s wholly owned subsidiary. The Company pays the SPV on a quarterly basis adjusted gross receipts generated on each of the assigned productions during the two-year term of the agreement, until the SPV has recouped the full Acquisition Advance for each of the productions together with interest and additional participation amounts on gross receipts generated by the productions. The Acquisition Advance bears interest at 10% per annum compounded monthly on the amount outstanding. In the event the SPV has not recouped the full Acquisition Advance from gross receipts generated within the two-year contractual term, the Company shall pay the remaining balance outstanding, if any, by no later than November 30, 2022. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company repaid $81,222 of the principal outstanding under the Film Acquisition Advance.

Film Acquisition Advances: Media Entertainment Partners

In January 2022, the Company began entering into individual film acquisition advance agreements with Media Entertainment Partners (“MEP”). Under the agreements, MEP financed the Company $20.1 million of acquisition advances and may, directly, or through affiliated entities, fund additional acquisition advances in the future. Pursuant to an arrangement, MEP has formed a US-based special purpose vehicle (the “SPV”), which has been assigned the territorial

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Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

licenses and distribution rights in certain films and productions owned or to be acquired by Screen Media Ventures Inc., CSSE’s wholly owned subsidiary. Generally, the Company will pay the SPV on a quarterly basis over 30 months the advance plus interest at 12% per annum compounded monthly on the amount outstanding. Under the distribution agreement with the SPV, after Screen Media Venture’s recoupment, the SPV is entitled to receive a profit participation in the net receipts of the film and also, provides Screen Media Venture a bargain purchase option to reacquire the film rights after 6 years.

Union Revolving Credit Facility

On December 29, 2020, Redbox Entertainment, LLC entered into a four-year, $20 million revolving credit facility with Union Bank (the “Union Revolving Credit Facility”). The facility is used exclusively to pay for minimum guarantees, license fees and related distribution expenses for original content obtained under the Company’s Redbox Entertainment label. On April 15, 2022, Redbox agreed, pursuant to the Voting and Support Agreement, to (i) permanently reduce a portion of the Union Revolving Credit Facility in an amount equal to $10.6 million (and the Company made such reduction) and (ii) among other agreements, refrain from borrowing under the Union Revolving Credit Facility without the consent of Aspen and Redwood Holdco, LP (other than with respect to certain scheduled borrowings and borrowings to cover interest, fees and expenses). There is no additional availability under the Union Revolving Credit Facility as of September 30, 2022. Borrowings outstanding under the Union Revolving Credit Facility as of the merger at August 11, 2022 and September 30, 2022 were $6.6 million and $6.6 million, respectively.

Borrowings under the Union Revolving Credit Facility bear interest at either the alternate base rate or LIBOR (based on an interest period selected by the Company of one month, three months or six months) in each case plus a margin. The alternate base rate loans bear interest at a per annum rate equal to the greatest of (i) the base rate in effect on such date, (ii) the federal funds effective rate in effect on such day plus ½ of 1.0%, and (iii) daily one month LIBOR plus 1.0%. The revolving credit facility borrowings that are LIBOR loans bear interest at a per annum rate equal to the applicable LIBOR plus a margin of 0.50%. The borrowing interest rate for the Union Revolving Credit Facility was 3.9% as of September 30, 2022. In addition to paying interest on outstanding principal under the Union Revolving Credit Facility, the Company is required to pay a commitment fee at 0.50% per annum to the lenders in respect of the unutilized commitments thereunder.

As of September 30, 2022, the expected aggregate maturities of debt for each of the next five years are as follows:



Remainder of 2022	$	8,442,631
2023		9,546,961
2024		13,791,429
2025		125,630,115
2026		13,946
2027		325,774,228
Total	$	483,199,310

Note 12 – Put Option Obligation

As part of the additional purchase price for the Sonar Entertainment, Inc business acquisition, the Company issued a 5% interest in CSS AVOD, Inc. and a Put Option that, if exercised, requires the Company to repurchase these shares of CSS AVOD, Inc. from the investor for $11,500,000 in cash. The Put Option is exercisable, with 60 day’s written notice, by the investor at any time during a three year period commencing on November 8, 2022 and expiring on November 7, 2025 (“Put Election Period”).

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Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

As of September 30, 2022, the 5% interest in CSS AVOD, Inc. consists of the following,


	September 30,
	2022
Put Option Obligation	$	11,400,000
Noncontrolling Interests		84,247
Total	$	11,484,247

Note 13 – Income Taxes

The Company’s current and deferred income tax provision (benefit) are as follows:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021
Current provision:
Federal	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
States		39,000		30,000	$	73,000		59,000
Total current provision		39,000		30,000		73,000		59,000
Deferred provision:
Deferred income tax (benefit) provision		(27,359,839)		—		(27,359,839)		—
Total deferred (benefit) provision		(27,359,839)		—		(27,359,839)		—
Total income tax (benefit) provision	$	(27,320,839)	$	30,000	$	(27,286,839)	$	59,000

For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company's effective income tax rate was a benefit of 35.9%, which differed from the federal statutory rate of 21.0% primarily due to the release of a portion of the Company’s valuation allowance as a result of the acquired deferred tax liability of Redbox. In connection with the Redbox acquisition, the Company recorded a deferred tax liability of $40.2 million, which enabled the Company to release a portion of beginning of year’s valuation allowance of $27.4 million. For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, the Company’s effective income tax rate was a benefit of 0.0% primarily due to the release of a portion of the beginning of the year’s valuation allowance due to the Redbox acquisition.

The Company evaluates its deferred tax assets on a quarterly basis to determine if they can be realized and establishes a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the net deferred tax asset may not be realized. At September 30, 2022, the Company determined that a portion of its deferred tax assets are not more likely than not to be realized. The Company maintains a valuation allowance against the net operating loss carryovers of A Sharp and Pivot Share, since it was determined that it is more likely than not, based on available objective evidence, that these separate filing jurisdictions would have insufficient taxable income in the current or carryforward periods under the tax laws to realize the future tax benefits for this portion of its deferred tax assets.

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Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

On August 16, 2022, President Biden signed the Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (“IRA”) into law. The IRA contains several revisions to the Internal Revenue Code, including a 15% corporate minimum income tax and a 1% excise tax on corporate stock repurchases in tax years beginning after December 31, 2022 with certain exclusions for (a) repurchased shares for withholding taxes on vested restricted stock units (“RSUs”) and (b) treasury shares reissued in the same tax year for settlement of stock option exercises or vesting of RSUs. While these tax law changes have no immediate effect and are not expected to have a material adverse effect on our results of operations going forward, we will continue to evaluate its impact as further information becomes available.

Note 14 – Related Party Transactions

Chicken Soup For The Soul Productions, LLC

Chicken Soup For The Soul Productions LLC (“CSS”) is the parent and controlling stockholder of the Company. At September 30, 2022, CSS directly owns approximately 100% of the Company’s Class B common stock. CSS ownership of Class B common stock represents an ownership interest of 36.7% of the total outstanding common stock and 85% control of the voting power of the Company. CSS is controlled by Mr. William J. Rouhana, Jr., the Company’s CEO. The Company has agreements with CSS and its affiliated companies that provide the Company with access to important assets and resources including key personnel and office space. The assets and resources provided are included as a part of a management services agreement and a license agreement, where combined, the Company pays 10% of its net revenue earned to CSS. Beginning in August 2022 until certain conditions are met, under the terms of the HPS Credit Facility, the 10% fee as it relates to Redbox’s net revenues is applied to certain limited revenue categories. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, the Company recorded management and license fees of $4,774,758 and $11,459,073, respectively and $2,909,686 and $7,442,863, respectively.

Due To/From Affiliated Companies

The Company is part of CSS’s central cash management system whereby payroll and benefits are administered by CSS and the related expenses are charged to its subsidiaries and funds are transferred between affiliates to fulfill joint liquidity needs and business initiatives. Settlements fluctuate period over period due to timing of liquidity needs. As of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company had an intercompany payable, with affiliated companies.


	September 30,		December 31,
	2022		2021
Due to affiliated companies	$	2,589,867	$	489,959
Total due to/due from affiliated companies	$	2,589,867	$	489,959

Other Related Parties

In the ordinary course of business, the Company is involved in transactions with certain minority shareholders of a consolidated subsidiary related to licensing of television and film programming properties. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 the amount of revenue recognized was $0 and for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, revenue recognized was $0 and $6,880,000, respectively. At September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, the Company had accounts receivable of $5,138,973 and $6,363,951, respectively.

Note 15 - Commitments and Contingencies

Content Obligations

Content obligations include amounts related to the acquisition, licensing, and production of content. An obligation for the acquisition and licensing of content is incurred at the time we enter into an agreement to obtain future titles. Once a title

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Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

is delivered, accepted and becomes available for exploitation, a content liability is recorded on the condensed consolidated balance sheet.

As of September 30, 2022, after completing the acquisition of Redbox, the Company had $120,929,275 of content obligations, comprised of $40,739,418 in film library acquisition obligations, $55,159,246 of programming obligations and $25,030,611 of accrued participation costs.

As of December 31, 2021, the Company had $38,638,445 of content obligations, comprised of $24,673,866 in film library acquisition obligations, $1,641,250 of programming obligations and $12,323,329 of accrued participation costs.

In the ordinary course of business, the Company from time to time enters into contractual arrangements under which it agrees to commitments with producers and other content providers for the acquisition of content and distribution rights which are in production or have not yet been completed, delivered to, and accepted by the Company ready for exploitation. Based on those contractual arrangements, generally, the Company is committed but is not contractually liable to transfer any financial consideration until final delivery and acceptance has occurred. These commitments are expected to be fulfilled in the normal course of business. Additionally, the Company licenses minimum quantities of theatrical and direct-to-video titles under licensing agreements with certain movie content providers. The total estimated content commitments under the terms of the Company’s distribution and license agreements in effect as of September 30, 2022 is presented in the following table:


	Total		2022		2023
Minimum estimated content commitments	$	87,759,191	$	13,882,944	$	73,876,247

Acquisition of Sonar Assets

The Company owes contingent consideration related to the acquisition of Sonar of $7,556,856 at September 30, 2022. The liability is an estimate and is payable upon the collection of receipts from defined receivables, noncontracted TV business receipts and profit participations on a slate of development projects. Additionally, the Company has a Put obligation for $11,500,000 to acquire 5% of the shares of CSS AVOD Inc., that can be triggered any time during the three-year period immediately following the 18-month anniversary of the asset purchase agreement. See Notes 4 and 12 for additional information.

Legal and Other Matters

The Company is not presently a party to any legal proceedings the resolution of which the Company believes would have a material adverse effect on its business, financial condition, operating results, or cash flows. However, any legal proceedings are subject to inherent uncertainties, and an unfavorable outcome could include monetary damages, and excessive verdicts can result from litigation, and as such, could result in a material adverse impact on our business, financial position, results of operations, and /or cash flows. Additionally, although the Company has specific insurance for certain potential risks, the Company may in the future incur judgments or enter into settlements of claims which may have a material adverse impact on its business, financial condition, or results of operations.

Note 16 – Stockholders’ Equity

Amendment to Authorized Shares

On June 30, 2022, the shareholders of the Company approved an increase in the total authorized shares from 100,000,000 to 200,000,000, comprised of 140,000,000 million shares of Class A common stock, 20,000,000 share of Class B common stock and 40,000,000 shares of preferred stock, of which, 10,000,000 are classified as Series A preferred stock.

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Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

Treasury Stock

On February 28, 2022, the Board of Directors increased the total authorization under the Company’s stock repurchase program by $10,000,000 to $30,000,000. At September 30, 2022, the Company had $3,474,300 of authorization remaining under the stock repurchase program. During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company repurchased 1,410,036 shares of Class A Common Stock at an average price of $9.90.

Common Stock Issuance for Redbox Merger

On August 11, 2022, the Company acquired all the outstanding equity interests of Redbox. In conjunction with the merger, the Company issued 4,662,195 shares of its Class A common stock. See Note 4 for additional information.

At the Market Offering

During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company completed the sale of an aggregate of 295,173 shares of Series A preferred stock, generating net proceeds of $7,116,965.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company completed the sale of an aggregate of 332,734 shares of Class A common stock, generating net proceeds of $3,339,883.

Common Stock Private Placement

On January 20, 2021, the Company completed a private placement of 1,022,727 shares of common stock at a price of $22.00 per common share, generating net proceeds of $21,374,994.

Subsidiary Convertible Preferred Stock

The subsidiary convertible preferred stock represented the equity attributable to the noncontrolling interest holder as a part of the Crackle Plus business combination. Given the terms of the transaction, the noncontrolling interest holder had the right to convert their Preferred Units in Crackle Plus into Common Units representing common ownership of 49% in Crackle Plus or into Series A Preferred Stock of the Company.

On January 13, 2021, the Company issued 1,600,000 shares of its Series A Preferred Stock to CPEH pursuant to the Put Option granted to CPEH under the JV Operating Agreement, as amended. The Put Option was exercised on December 14, 2020. The Company had the option to elect to pay cash in lieu of issuing Series A Preferred Stock. The Company elected to satisfy the Put Option entirely through the issuance of Series A Preferred Stock. As a result of CPEH’s exercise of the Put Option, the Company now owns 100% of Crackle Plus.

Noncontrolling Interests

Noncontrolling interests represent an equity interest in consolidated subsidiaries, including CSS AVOD, Locomotive Global and Landmark Studio Group. On March 3, 2022, the Company purchased the remaining equity interest in Landmark Studio Group in exchange for 84,000 shares of Class A common stock and $2,200,000, of which $1,450,000 is payable two years from the acquisition date. The purchase increased the Company’s ownership in Landmark Studio Group from 78.5% to 100%.

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Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

Warrants

Warrant activity for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 is as follows:


							Weighted
					Weighted		Average
					Average		Remaining
	Outstanding			Outstanding	Exercise		Contract
Warrants	at December 31, 2021	Issued	Exercised	at September 30, 2022	Price		Term (Yrs.)
Class W	526,362	—	—	526,362	$	7.50	0.75
Class Z	123,109	—	—	123,109		12.00	1.75
CSSE Class I	800,000	—	—	800,000		8.13	1.62
CSSE Class II	1,200,000	—	—	1,200,000		9.67	1.62
CSSE Class III-A	380,000	—	—	380,000		11.61	1.62
CSSE Class III-B	1,620,000	—	—	1,620,000		11.61	1.62
HPS	—	1,011,530	(1,011,530)	—		—	—
Redbox Public (CSSEL) ⁽¹⁾	—	1,039,183	—	1,039,183		132.18	4.07
Redbox Private ⁽¹⁾	—	339,065	—	339,065		132.18	4.07
Total	4,649,471	2,389,778	(1,011,530)	6,027,719	$	30.54	2.11

(1)

The number of warrants is shown on an as converted basis based on exchange ratio of 0.087, the gross warrants are 11,944,627 public and 3,897,303 private.

In connection with the HPS Credit Agreement, we issued HPS and affiliates a five-year warrant (“Credit Facility Warrants”) to purchase up to an aggregate of 1,011,530 shares of our Class A common stock, at a per-share exercise price of $0.0001. All the Credit Facility Warrants were exercised in September 2022.

Warrants Classified as Liabilities

In connection with the merger of Redbox, the Company assumed all of Redbox’s 15,841,930 outstanding Public and Private Placement Warrants.

The Redbox warrants prior to assumption had entitled the holder to purchase one whole share of Redbox Class A common stock at a price of $11.50 per share, subject to adjustment. As a result of the mergers and adjustment caused thereby, 11.494 warrants (the “Per Share Warrant Requirement”) are required to purchase one whole share of Company Class A common stock at an aggregate exercise price of $132.18 per share, subject to adjustment. This was calculated by dividing the pre-merger $11.50 per-share exercise price of the Redbox warrants by the 0.087 Exchange Ratio. No fractional shares will be issued upon exercise of the warrants, with shares of Company Class A common stock issued upon exercise of such warrants rounded up to nearest whole share based on the total shares of Company Class A common stock being exercised and, subject to the Per Share Warrant Requirement.

The public warrants expire five years after issuance (October 24, 2026) or earlier upon redemption or liquidation

The Company may redeem the public warrants under the following conditions:

•

In whole and not in part;

•

At a price of $0.01 per warrant;

•

Upon not less than 30 days’ prior written notice of redemption (the “30-day redemption period”) to each warrant holder; and

•

if, and only if, the last reported sale price of the Company’s Class A common stock equals or exceeds $206.90 per share (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) for any 20

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Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.

Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

(unaudited)

trading days within a 30-trading day period ending on the third trading day prior to the date on which the Company gives proper notice of such redemption and provided certain other conditions are met.

The redemption criteria discussed above prevent a redemption call unless there is at the time of the call a significant premium to the warrant exercise price. If the foregoing conditions are satisfied and the Company issues a notice of redemption of the warrants, each warrant holder will be entitled to exercise its warrant prior to the scheduled redemption date. However, the price of the Company’s Class A common stock may fall below the $206.90 redemption trigger price (as adjusted for stock splits, stock dividends, reorganizations, recapitalizations and the like) as well as the $132.18 warrant exercise price after the redemption notice is issued.

The Private Placement Warrants are identical to the Public Warrants, except that the Private Placement Warrants are exercisable on a cashless basis and are non-redeemable so long as they are held by the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees. If the Private Placement Warrants are held by someone other than the initial purchasers or their permitted transferees, the Private Placement Warrants will be redeemable by the Company and exercisable by such holders on the same basis as the Public Warrants.

As both the terms of the Private and Public warrants are substantively the same, the Company has determined to use the fair market value of the Public warrants to value all of the warrants. At the time of initial recording the warrants, they were valued at $2.52 per warrant or approximately $3,473,184. As of September 30, 2022 the fair market value of the warrants was $0.06 or $85,589. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company recognized a gain of $3,387,595 on the change in fair value of the warrant liabilities in Other income (expense), net in the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Note 17 – Segment Reporting and Geographic Information

The Company’s reportable segments have been determined based on the distinct nature of its operations, the Company’s internal management structure, and the financial information that is evaluated regularly by the Company’s chief operating decision maker. The Company operates in one reportable segment, the production and distribution of video content, and currently operates in the United States and internationally.

Net revenue generated in the United States accounted for approximately 98% and 82% of total net revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and 91% and 91% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. All of the Company’s long-lived assets are based in the United States.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of our consolidated financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on March 31, 2022 (“Form 10-K”), our Current Report on Form 8-K as filed with the SEC on May 27, 2021 (and amended on each of June 11, 2021 and July 1, 2021) and our S-4 declared effective by the SEC on July 11, 2022 (the “July 2022 S-4”). Some of the information contained in this discussion and analysis or set forth elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, includes forward-looking statements involving risks and uncertainties and should be read together with the "Risk Factors" in Item 1A included in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q for a discussion of important factors which could cause actual results to differ materially from the results described in or implied by the forward-looking statements contained in the following discussion and analysis.

Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report contains forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, statements regarding expectations, intentions, and strategies regarding the future. In addition, any statements that refer to projections, forecasts or other characterizations of future events or circumstances, including any underlying assumptions, are forward-looking statements. The words “target,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “continue,” “could,” “estimate,” “expect,” “intend,” “may,” “might,” “plan,” “possible,” “potential,” “predicts,” “project,” “should,” “would” and similar expressions may identify forward-looking statements, but the absence of these words does not mean that a statement is not forward-looking. The forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report are based on current expectations and beliefs concerning future developments and their potential effects on our company and its subsidiaries. There can be no assurance that future developments will be those that have been anticipated. These forward-looking statements involve many risks, uncertainties (some of which are beyond our control) or other assumptions that may cause actual results or performance to be materially different from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as may be required under applicable securities laws.

Important factors that may affect our actual results include:

●

our merger with Redbox Entertainment Inc., including the risk factors included in the July 2022 S-4;

●

we have and may continue to incur losses in the operation of our business;

●

we may not be able to generate sufficient cash to service our debt, preferred stock dividends and other obligations or our ability to pay our preferred stock dividends could be adversely affected or prohibited upon default under our current or future indebtedness;

●

difficult conditions in the economy generally and our industry specifically resulting from the COVID 19 pandemic may cause interruptions in our operations, a slow-down in the production, acquisition or availability of new content for our distribution and kiosk rental network, and changes in demand for our products and services, which may have a material adverse effect on our business operations and financial condition;

●

potential effects of a challenging economy, for example, on the demand for our advertising and marketing services, on our clients’ financial condition and on our business or financial condition;

●

the occurrence of cyber-incidents, or a deficiency in our cybersecurity or in those of any of our third party service providers, could negatively impact our business by causing a disruption to our operations, a compromise or corruption of our confidential information or damage to our business relationships or reputation, all of which could negatively impact our business and results of operations;

●

the ability of our content offerings to achieve market acceptance;

●

our success in retaining or recruiting, or changes required in retaining, our officers, key employees or directors;

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●

our potential ability to obtain additional financing when and if needed;

●

our ability to protect our intellectual property;

●

our ability to complete strategic acquisitions, including joint ventures and co-production arrangements;

●

our ability to manage growth and integrate acquired operations;

●

uninterrupted service by the third-party service providers we rely on for the distribution of our content and delivery of ad impressions;

●

the potential liquidity and trading of our securities;

●

regulatory or operational risks;

●

downward revisions to, or withdrawals of, our credit ratings by third-party rating agencies;

●

our estimates regarding expenses, future revenue, capital requirements and needs for additional financing; and

●

the time during which we will be an Emerging Growth Company under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, or JOBS Act.

Merger with Redbox Entertainment Inc.

The merger with Redbox Entertainment Inc. was consummated on August 11, 2022 in accordance with the terms described in the July 2022 S-4. Immediately prior to the merger closing, CSSE entered a definitive financing arrangement with HPS Investment Partners, LLC (“HPS”), that amended Redbox’s existing credit facility, which had $357.5 million of debt outstanding, and includes an $80 million revolving credit facility. Additionally, the Company issued a warrant to HPS to acquire 4.5% of CSSE on a fully diluted post-merger basis. On closing of the merger, based on the exchange rate of 0.087 for each outstanding Redbox Class A common share, each vested and unvested restricted stock unit and the common units of Redbox’s Redwood Intermediate LLC subsidiary, the Company issued approximately 4.7 million shares of Class A common stock and assumed the outstanding warrants of Redbox.

Overview

Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment provides premium content to value-conscious consumers. The Company is one of the largest advertising-supported video-on-demand (AVOD) companies in the US, with three flagship AVOD streaming services: Redbox, Crackle and Chicken Soup for the Soul. In addition, the company operates Redbox Free Live TV, a free ad-supported streaming television service (FAST), with over 150 channels as well as a transaction video on demand (TVOD) service, and a network of approximately 34,000 kiosks across the U.S. for DVD rentals. To provide original and exclusive content to its viewers, the company creates, acquires and distributes films and TV series through its Screen Media and Chicken Soup for the Soul TV Group subsidiaries. Across Redbox, Crackle Plus and Screen Media, the Company has access to over 68,000 content assets. Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment is a subsidiary of Chicken Soup for the Soul, LLC, which publishes the famous books series and produces super-premium pet food under the Chicken Soup for the Soul brand name.

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Live TV, an FLTV service giving access to over 150 linear channels. Redbox also generates service revenue by providing installation, merchandising and break-fix services to other kiosk businesses, and by selling third-party display advertising via its mobile app, website, and e-mails, as well as display and video advertising at the kiosk.

Crackle Plus is comprised of unique curated streaming services, each delivering popular and original premium content focused on specific themes such as drama, comedy, horror, paranormal, documentaries, and sports. Through our recently launched Chicken Soup for the Soul streaming service, we offer lifestyle, family and kids content. Our Crackle Plus portfolio of streaming services are branded and includes Crackle (among the most watched ad-supported independent VOD streaming services), Chicken Soup for the Soul, Popcornflix, Popcornflix Kids, Truli, Españolflix and FrightPix. As of December 31, 2021, Crackle Plus served more than 40 million monthly active visitors through many distribution platforms including Roku, Amazon Fire, Vizio and others. These visitors view content produced through our various television production affiliates, acquired by Screen Media, or licensed from Sony Pictures Television (SPT), Lionsgate, Paramount Global, Fox, Warner Bros. Discovery and more than 100 other production and distribution companies, as well as through our media partners. Crackle Plus networks have access to approximately 7,100 films and 24,000 television episodes of licensed or company-owned original or exclusive programming. The acquisition of 1091 Pictures in March of 2022, added approximately 4,000 films and episodes of licensed content as well as established FAST and AVOD channels in genre specific verticals with approximately 1 billion yearly ad-impressions.

Screen Media manages one of the industry’s largest independently owned television and film libraries consisting of approximately 12,400 films and television episodes. Screen Media also acquires between approximately 10 and 20 new feature films each year and a few hundred genre titles. Screen Media provides content for the Crackle Plus portfolio and also distributes its library to other exhibitors and third-party networks to generate additional revenue and operating cash flow. Our Halcyon Television subsidiary manages the extensive film and television library we acquired from Sonar Entertainment in 2021. This library is distributed by Screen Media and contains more than 1,000 titles, and 4,000 hours of programming, ranging from classics, including The Little Rascals, Laurel & Hardy and Blondie (produced by Hal Roach Studios), to acclaimed epic event mini-series such as Lonesome Dove and Dinotopia. Our Halcyon library titles have received 457 Emmy Award nominations, 105 Emmy Awards and 15 Golden Globe Awards.

Chicken Soup for the Soul Television Group, which was formed in the fourth quarter of 2021, houses our film and television production activities and produces or co-produces original content for Crackle Plus as well as content for other third-party networks. This group’s production efforts are conducted through a number of affiliates, including Landmark Studio Group, Chicken Soup for the Soul Studios, APLUS.com, the recently acquired Locomotive Global Inc., and Halcyon Studios, which was formed in connection with our acquisition of the assets of Sonar Entertainment. Halcyon Studios develops, produces, finances and distributes high-caliber content for our company for all platforms across a broad spectrum in the U.S. and internationally, including shows such as Hunters (Amazon Prime) and Mysterious Benedict Society (Disney+).

Collectively, Screen Media and Chicken Soup for the Soul Television Group enable us to acquire, produce, co-produce and distribute content, including our original and exclusive content, in support of our streaming services. We believe that we are the only independent AVOD business with the proven capability to acquire, create and distribute original programming, and that we have one of the largest libraries of company-owned and third-party content in the US AVOD industry. We believe this differentiation is important as consumers materially shift their viewing habits from network-scheduled viewing to individual, personal on-demand viewing in response to the ever-growing availability of high-speed content delivery across devices.

For the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, our net revenue was approximately $72.4 million and $29.1 million, respectively, and $139.2 million and $74.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Our Adjusted EBITDA for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 was $9.6 million and $4.9 million, respectively, and $18.8 million and $12.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. As described below in “Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measure”, we use Adjusted EBITDA as an important metric for management of our business.

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JOBS Act Accounting Election

The Company is an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the “JOBS Act”). Under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can delay adopting new or revised accounting standards issued subsequent to the enactment of the JOBS Act until such time as those standards apply to private companies. The Company has irrevocably elected to avail itself of this exemption from new or revised accounting standards, and, therefore, will not be subject to the same new or revised accounting standards as public companies that are not emerging growth companies. The Company will lose this status beginning of January 2023.

Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measure

Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”). We use a non-GAAP financial measure to evaluate our results of operations and as a supplemental indicator of our operating performance. The non-GAAP financial measure that we use is Adjusted EBITDA. Adjusted EBITDA (as defined below) is considered a non-GAAP financial measure as defined by Regulation G promulgated by the SEC under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. Due to the significance of non-cash, cash and non-recurring expenses recognized during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, and the likelihood of material non-cash, cash and non-recurring, and acquisition related expenses to occur in future periods, we believe that this non-GAAP financial measure enhances the understanding of our historical and current financial results as well as provides investors with measures used by management for the planning and forecasting of future periods, as well as for measuring performance for compensation of executives and other members of management. Further, we believe that Adjusted EBITDA enables our board of directors and management to analyze and evaluate financial and strategic planning decisions that will directly affect operating decisions and investments. We believe this measure is an important indicator of our operational strength and performance of our business because it provides a link between operational performance and operating income. It is also a primary measure used by management in evaluating companies as potential acquisition targets. We believe the presentation of this measure is relevant and useful for investors because it allows investors to view performance in a manner similar to the method used by management. We believe it helps improve investors’ ability to understand our operating performance and makes it easier to compare our results with other companies that have different capital structures or tax rates. In addition, we believe this measure is also among the primary measures used externally by our investors, analysts and peers in our industry for purposes of valuation and comparing our operating performance to other companies in our industry.

The presentation of Adjusted EBITDA should not be construed as an inference that our future results will be unaffected by unusual, infrequent or non-recurring items or by non-cash items. This non-GAAP financial measure should be considered in addition to, rather than as a substitute for, our actual operating results included in our condensed consolidated financial statements.

We define Adjusted EBITDA as consolidated operating income (loss) adjusted to exclude interest, taxes, depreciation, amortization (including tangible and intangible assets), acquisition-related costs, consulting fees related to acquisitions, dividend payments, non-cash share-based compensation expense, and adjustments for other unusual and infrequent in nature identified charges, including transition related expenses. Adjusted EBITDA is not an earnings measure recognized by U.S. GAAP and does not have a standardized meaning prescribed by GAAP; accordingly, Adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similar measures presented by other companies. We believe Adjusted EBITDA to be a meaningful indicator of our performance that management uses and believes provides useful information to investors regarding our financial condition and results of operations. The most comparable GAAP measure is operating income (loss).

Adjusted EBITDA has important limitations as an analytical tool, and you should not consider it in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under U.S. GAAP. Some of these limitations are:

●

Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect our cash expenditures or future requirements for capital expenditures or contractual commitments;

●

Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for our working capital needs;

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●

Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect the effects of preferred dividend payments, or the cash requirements necessary to fund;

●

Although amortization and depreciation is a non-cash charge, the assets being depreciated will often have to be replaced in the future, and Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect any cash requirements for such future replacements;

●

Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect the effects of film library amortization, film library revenue shares and participation costs, theatrical release costs as well as amortization for certain program rights;

●

Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect the impact of stock-based compensation upon our results of operations;

●

Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect interest expense, or the cash requirements necessary to service interest or principal payments on our debt;

●

Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect our income tax expense (benefit) or the cash requirements to pay our income taxes;

●

Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect the impact of acquisition related expenses; and the cash requirements necessary;

●

Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect the impact of other non-recurring, infrequent in nature and unusual income and expenses, including acquisition related cash participation payments received and other fee income items generated in normal course of business practices; and

●

Other companies in our industry may calculate Adjusted EBITDA differently than we do, limiting its usefulness as a comparative measure.

●

In evaluating Adjusted EBITDA, you should be aware that in the future we may incur expenses similar to those eliminated in this presentation.

●

Reconciliation of Unaudited Results to Adjusted EBITDA

The following table presents a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to our unaudited net loss for the periods presented:


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2022		2021		2022		2021

Net loss available to common stockholders	$	(20,060,247)	$	(16,741,678)	$	(54,970,397)	$	(37,014,237)
Preferred dividends		2,443,970		2,253,385		7,117,481		6,760,155
Net (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interests		(167,289)		—		(167,289)		—
Income tax (benefit) provision^(a)		(27,320,839)		30,000		(27,286,839)		59,000
Other taxes		62,428		62,279		321,203		250,626
Interest expense^(b)		7,658,665		1,304,952		10,991,894		3,533,940
Film library amortization and related costs^(c)		18,222,417		10,111,885		42,576,433		23,881,901
Share-based compensation expense^(d)		3,094,532		3,474,231		5,049,188		3,937,919
Expense for bad debt and video returns		779,507		554,259		2,053,636		2,156,308
Amortization and depreciation^(e)		6,349,026		1,921,982		11,027,992		5,264,353
Other non-operating income, net^(f)		(3,551,025)		(101,898)		(4,032,222)		(247,037)
Transitional expenses^(g)		2,942,070		213,813		3,305,470		405,867
All other nonrecurring costs^(h)		19,118,394		1,775,232		22,816,463		3,583,130
Adjusted EBITDA	$	9,571,609	$	4,858,442	$	18,803,013	$	12,571,925

(a)	This represents an income tax benefit principally related to release of valuation allowance triggered by acquisition of Redbox

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(b)	Includes amortization of deferred financing costs of $344,146 and $141,925 for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively, and $710,885 and $354,048 for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively,

(c)	Includes film library amortization, film library revenue shares and participation costs, theatrical release costs as well as amortization for certain program rights^.

(d)	Represents expense related to common stock equivalents issued to certain employees and officers under the Long-Term Incentive Plan. In addition to common stock grants issued to employees, directors, and consultants.

(e)	Includes depreciation and amortization of intangibles, property and equipment and amortization of technology expenditures included in operating costs^.

(f)	Other non-operating income is primarily comprised of interest income earned on cash deposits, other non-operating income including settlements, debt extinguishment costs, and changes to fair market value of warrants.

(g)	Represents transitional and integration costs primarily associated with business combinations. Costs include non-recurring payroll and redundant or non-recurring costs including technology, marketing, and certain overhead.

(h)	Includes legal, consulting, accounting and other non-recurring operating and transactional expenses.

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Results of Operations

Items Impacting Comparability

Merger with Redbox Entertainment Inc.

The merger with Redbox Entertainment Inc. was consummated on August 11, 2022. Immediately prior to the merger closing, CSSE entered a definitive financing arrangement with HPS Investment Partners, LLC (“HPS”), that amended Redbox’s existing credit facility, which had $357.5 million of debt outstanding, and includes an $80 million revolving credit facility. Additionally, the Company issued a warrant to HPS to acquire 4.5% of CSSE on a fully diluted post-merger basis. On closing of the merger, based on the exchange rate of 0.087 for each outstanding Redbox Class A common share, each vested and unvested restricted stock unit and the common units of Redbox’s Redwood Intermediate LLC subsidiary, the Company issued approximately 4.7 million shares of Class A common stock and assumed the outstanding warrants of Redbox.

Acquisition of 1091 Pictures

On March 4, 2022, the Company consummated its acquisition of certain of the assets of 1091 Media, LLC, including all of the outstanding equity of its operating subsidiary, TOFG LLC, which does business under the name 1091 Pictures (“1091 Pictures”). 1091 Pictures provides full-service distribution services to film and series owners, including access to platforms that reach more than 100 countries, and related marketing support, and has a library of approximately 4,000 licensed films and television shows. The Company paid consideration of $13.3 million through the payment of $8.0 million in cash, the issuance of 375,000 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock and the issuance of 80,000 shares of the Company’s Series A preferred stock.

Acquisition of Locomotive Global

On October 21, 2021, the Company acquired a 51% ownership stake in Locomotive Global Inc. for $0.7 million. Locomotive Global develops and produces content, including production services.

Acquisition of Sonar Entertainment Assets

In April 2021, we entered into an asset purchase agreement (“Asset Purchase Agreement”) by and among our Company, Halcyon Television, and with respect to certain provisions, Parkside Entertainment Inc., a Canadian company (“Parkside” and, collectively with us and Halcyon Television, the “CSSE Buyer”), on the one hand, and Sonar Entertainment Inc. (“SEI”) and the direct and indirect subsidiaries of SEI identified in the Asset Purchase Agreement (collectively, “Sonar”), on the other hand. On May 21, 2021, pursuant to the Asset Purchase Agreement, the CSSE Buyer purchased the principal assets of Sonar for $18.9 million in cash and additional consideration of $34.9 million, that will be funded through the seller’s participation in the underlying acquired assets future cash flows. Parkside separately purchased the outstanding equity of Sonar Canada Inc.

Revenue

Our revenue is derived from content generated by online streaming of films and television programs on our advertising-supported video on demand (AVOD) streaming services consisting of Crackle, our YouTube channel and Popcornflix®, all of which collectively form The Crackle Plus Network. Additionally, we derive revenue from the distribution of television series and films in all media, including theatrical, home video, and pay-per-view, free, cable and pay television, VOD, and new digital media platforms worldwide as well as owned and operated networks, (i.e., Crackle, Popcornflix® and A Plus). We also generate revenue through fees charged to rent or purchase a movie at kiosks (Redbox). Additionally, we derive revenue from production services, as well as executive produce fees on produced content.

Operating costs

Our operating costs are derived from platform costs which are related to the various expenses incurred by the Company to support and maintain our AVOD & TVOD digital streaming services. These costs are comprised of hosting and bandwidth

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costs, website traffic costs, royalty fees, and music costs and content fees. Also, included in operating costs are advertisement representation fees earned by our advertising representation partners (“Ad Rep Partners”), content partners and license fees payable to third parties and the related amortization associated with programming rights. With regards to distribution and production services, included in our operating costs is the amortization of capitalized programming and film library costs relating to both television and short-form online videos as well as film library costs, distribution costs, film profit participations, revenue shares related to distribution agreements and costs associated with production services. For original productions and film rights acquired, we record the operating costs based on the individual-film-forecast method. This method requires costs to be amortized in the proportion that the current period’s revenue bears to management’s estimate of ultimate revenue expected to be recognized from each production or film. We have a growing list of independent production companies that we work with. We generally acquire distribution rights of our films covering periods of ten or more years.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Our selling, general and administrative expenses include compensation, non-cash share-based compensation, public and investor relations fees, outside director fees, professional fees, marketing, and other overhead. A portion of selling, general and administrative expenses are covered by our management and license agreements with CSS, a related party, as noted below.

Management and License Fees – Affiliate Company

We pay management fees of five percent (5%) of net revenues to CSS pursuant to the CSS Management Agreement as amended. CSS provides us with the operational expertise of its personnel, and we also receive other services, including accounting, legal, marketing, management, data access and back office systems, office space and equipment usage. We believe that the terms and conditions of the CSS Management Agreement, as amended, are more favorable and cost effective to us than if we hired the full staff to operate the Company.

We pay license and marketing support fees of five percent (5%) of our net revenue to CSS pursuant to a License Agreement, which we refer to as the CSS License Agreement. Four percent (4%) of this fee is a recurring license fee for the right to use all video content of the Brand. One percent (1%) of this fee relates to marketing support activities through CSS’ email distribution, blogs and other marketing and public relations resources. We believe that the terms and conditions of the CSS License Agreement, which provides us with the rights to use the trademark and intellectual property in connection with our video content, are more favorable to us than any similar agreement we could have negotiated with an independent third party.

Beginning in August 2022, under the terms of the HPS Credit Facility, the 10% fee as it relates to Redbox’s net revenues is applied to certain limited revenue categories.

Merger and Transaction Costs

Our merger and transaction costs are mostly consulting, advisory and legal expenses that are non-recurring directly related to mergers and acquisitions.

Interest Expense

Our interest expense is principally for interest paid on our HPS Senior Credit Facilities, our 9.50% Notes Due July 2025, Union Revolver, film acquisition advances and capital leases. See Note 11 to our unaudited financial statements for a description regarding the terms of our debt.

Income Taxes

We provide for federal and state income taxes currently payable, as well as those deferred resulting from temporary differences between reporting income and expenses for financial statement purposes versus income tax purposes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes and are measured using the enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are

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expected to be recoverable. Deferred taxes are also provided for net operating loss carryforwards. The effect of the change in the tax rate, if it occurs, will be recognized as income or expense in the period of the enacted change in tax rate. A valuation allowance is established, when necessary, to reduce net deferred income tax assets to the amount that is more-likely-than-not to be realized.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS FOR THE THREE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2022 COMPARED WITH THE THREE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2021

Revenue

The following table presents revenue by revenue source for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 and for the period-over-period dollar and percentage changes:


	Three Months Ended September 30,
			% of				% of		Change
	2022		Revenue		2021		Revenue		Period over Period
Revenue:
VOD and streaming	$	31,417,733	44	%	$	16,907,012	58	%	$	14,510,721	86	%
Retail		24,830,730	34	%		—	—	%		24,830,730	—	%
Licensing and other		16,143,800	22	%		12,189,843	42	%		3,953,957	32	%
Net revenue	$	72,392,263	100	%	$	29,096,855	100	%	$	43,295,408	149	%

Our net revenue increased by $43.3 million or 149% for the three months ended September 30, 2022, compared to 2021.

VOD and streaming revenue increased $14.5 million or 86% for the three months ended September 30, 2022, compared to 2021. This increase was primarily driven by a $7.5 million increase in streaming revenues, principally due to the licensing of SVOD rights across the SMV, Sonar, 1091 Media and Redbox film libraries, as well as a $5.3 million increase in streaming revenues on Redbox’s digital platform. The remaining $1.7 million increase is due to a $1.5 million increase in advertising revenues and net higher sponsorship due to the premiere of CSSTV Group’s original production Pet Caves on our streaming platforms.

Retail revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2022 is entirely from the Redbox merger that closed on August 11, 2022. Future growth in Redbox’s DVD rentals will be driven by a combination of the quantity, quality and cadence of theatrical releases from studios, which we expect to be favorable in 2023.

Licensing and other revenue increased $4.0 million or 32% for the three months ended September 30, 2022, compared to 2021, principally related to a $5.9 million increase in licensing revenues driven by a DVD distribution deal across SMV, 1091 Media and Halcyon Television properties, partially offset by lower production services revenue.

The impact of acquisitions, including Redbox, 1091 Pictures and Locomotive Global contributed $40.1 million or 55% of total revenue in the quarter.

Costs & Expenses

The following table presents operating costs line items for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 and the period-over-period dollar and percentage changes for those line items:


	Three Months Ended September 30,
			% of				% of
	2022		Total		2021		Total		Change Period over Period
Operating:
Content amortization and other costs	$	33,211,874	55	%	$	12,073,512	53	%	$	21,138,362	175	%
Revenue share and partner fees		4,613,273	7	%		3,930,051	17	%		683,222	17	%
Distribution and platform costs		22,330,759	37	%		6,852,811	30	%		15,477,948	226	%
Total operating	$	60,155,906	100	%	$	22,856,374	100	%	$	37,299,532	163	%

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Our operating costs increased by $37.3 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022.

The increase in content amortization and other costs primarily relates to $17.2 million in higher amortization and participations, consistent with additional revenues from Redbox and 1091 acquisitions, inclusive of increased digital streaming on Redbox TVOD platform and increased DVD and SVOD streaming deals across SMV library properties. Additionally, there was $2.0 million of higher licensing costs related to third party content on Crackle Plus. Revenue share and partner fees of $4.6 million are higher due to a $1.4 million increase in ad representation fees partially offset by lower partner distribution revenue shares. The increase in distribution and platform costs of $15.5 million principally relates to the merger with Redbox of $16.2 million offset by almost $0.8 million of lower net distribution costs on legacy CSSE platforms.

Acquisitions account for $36.6 million of total Operating costs, including Redbox’s direct product costs of $13.0 million and direct operating expenses of $16.2 million.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

The following table presents selling, general and administrative expense line items for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 and the period-over-period dollar and percentage changes for those line items:


	Three Months Ended
	September 30,				Change
		2022		2021	Period over Period
Compensation expense	$	14,794,883	$	6,048,343	$	8,746,540	145	%
Share-based compensation		3,094,532		3,474,231		(379,699)	(11)	%
Professional fees		2,102,996		2,366,947		(263,951)	(11)	%
Public company expenses		662,284		181,080		481,204	266	%
Bad debt expense		(45,614)		41,483		(87,097)	(210)	%
Other operating expenses		7,023,784		2,926,215		4,097,569	140	%
Total Selling, General and Administrative Expenses	$	27,632,865	$	15,038,299	$	12,594,566	84	%

The increase in compensation expense of $8.7 million was due to $5.8 million in compensation expenses related to the acquisition of Redbox and 1091 Media in March of 2022. The non-acquisition related increase is due to an increase in headcount as a result of the continued growth of the Company.

Other operating expenses increased by $4.1 million in the three months ended September 30, 2022 compared to 2021. This increase was primarily related to additional overhead costs of $3.1 million from Redbox. The additional increase of $1.0 million was due to a $0.3 million increase in marketing expenses related to increased Crackle Plus marketing efforts and a $0.7 million in net combined other overhead expenses as a result of the continued growth of the Company.

Amortization and Depreciation


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Change
	2022		2021		Period over Period
Amortization and depreciation	$	6,349,026	$	1,538,650	$	4,810,376	313	%

Amortization and depreciation expense increased by $4.8 million principally due to the increase in acquired intangibles from our acquisitions during 2022 and 2021.

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Management and License Fees


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Change
	2022		2021		Period over Period
Management and license fees	$	4,774,758	$	2,909,686	$	1,865,072	64	%

The management and license fee increased $1.9 million or 64% for the three months ended September 30, 2022 due to the increase in eligible revenue growth over 2021.

Merger and Transactions Costs


	Three Months Ended September 30,				Change
	2022		2021		Period over Period
Merger and transaction costs	$	15,476,452	$	201,106	$	15,275,346	7,596	%

Merger and transaction costs in the current period are by $15.5 million primarily due to nonrecurring consulting, advisory and legal expenses related to the merger with Redbox.

Interest Expense

Interest expense increased $6.4 million for the three months ended September 30, 2022, compared to 2021. The increase is related to a higher average outstanding debt balance during 2022, principally related to the assumption of the HPS debt from Redbox and film acquisition advances. During this period there was interest on the MidCap revolving credit facility of $0.2 million.

Other Non-Operating Income, net

The increase in Other non-operating income, net of $4.5 million is principally related to a $3.4 million gain related to the change in the fair value of Redbox warrants assumed as part of the Redbox merger and a $1.0 million dollar kill fee related to an option on a film commitment.

Provision for Income Taxes

The Company’s provision for income taxes consists of federal and state taxes in amounts necessary to align our tax provision to the effective rate that we expect for the full year. Our effective tax rate for the three months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 was a benefit of 77.9% and 0%, respectively, and our income tax benefit was $27.4 million and $0.0 million for each of the respective periods. Our effective rate is impacted by permanent differences which consist primarily of charges for incentive stock options issued under the Company’s Long-Term Incentive Plan that are not tax-deductible and transaction costs. See Note 13 for more information on the current year valuation allowance release resulting from the Redbox transaction.

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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS FOR THE NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2022 COMPARED WITH THE NINE MONTHS ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2021

Revenue

The following table presents revenue by revenue source for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 and for the period-over-period dollar and percentage changes:


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
			% of				% of		Change
	2022		Revenue		2021		Revenue		Period over Period
Revenue:
VOD and streaming	$	82,275,461	59	%	$	45,884,136	62	%	$	36,391,325	79	%
Retail		24,830,730	18	%		—	—	%		24,830,730	—	%
Licensing and other		32,129,216	23	%		28,544,495	38	%		3,584,721	13	%
Net revenue	$	139,235,407	100	%	$	74,428,631	100	%	$	64,806,776	87	%

Our net revenue increased by $64.8 million or 87% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

VOD and streaming revenue increased $36.4 million or 79% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, compared to 2021. This increase was primarily driven by a $27.2 million increase in streaming revenues, principally due to the licensing of TVOD and SVOD rights across the SMV, Sonar, 1091 Media and Redbox film libraries, as well as a $5.3 million in streaming revenues on Redbox’s digital platform. The remaining $3.9 million increase is due to an increase in advertising revenues, including the premieres of CSSTV Group’s Pet Caves and Inside The Black Box on our streaming platforms.

Retail revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 is entirely from the Redbox merger that closed on August 11, 2022. Future growth in Redbox’s DVD rentals will be driven by a combination of the quantity, quality and cadence of theatrical releases from studios, which we expect to be favorable in 2023.

Licensing and other revenue increased $3.6 million or 13% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, compared to 2021, principally related to an $2.4 million increase in production revenues and $1.2 million of higher net licensing revenues, principally related to DVD licensing in the period.

The impact of acquisitions, including Redbox, 1091 Pictures, the assets of Sonar Entertainment and Locomotive Global contributed $62.9 million or 45% of total revenue in the period.

Costs & Expenses

The following table presents operating costs line items for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 and the period-over-period dollar and percentage changes for those line items:


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
			% of					% of		Change
	2022		Total			2021		Total		Period over Period
Operating:
Content amortization and other costs	$	66,484,625		58	%	$	28,761,432	53	%	$	37,723,193	131	%
Revenue share and partner fees		14,140,433		12	%		9,260,681	17	%		4,879,752	53	%
Distribution and platform costs		33,702,780		30	%		16,510,914	30	%		17,191,866	104	%
Total operating	$	114,327,838		100	%	$	54,533,027	100	%	$	59,794,811	110	%

Our operating costs increased by $59.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

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The increase in content amortization and other costs of $38.4 million is primarily related to a $24.3 million increase in content amortization and profit participations due to increased content monetization and additional revenues from our acquisitions, inclusive of increased digital streaming across our Redbox direct to consumer streaming properties. Additionally, there was $3.9 million of higher third-party licensed content costs on Crackle Plus and a $6.9 million increase in lower margin, but strategic, cost plus production services. Revenue share and partner fees increased $4.9 million due to a $3.8 million increase in ad-representation sales and an $1.3 million increase related to greater of number of distribution touch points. Distribution and platform costs increased $17.2 million, principally related to $16.8 million of direct operating costs, principally related to the merger with Redbox. The remaining increase of $0.4 million is mostly related to the acceleration of older technology platform costs due to launching our new streaming apps and higher content and hosting costs to maintain and enhance our growing Crackle Plus platforms.

Acquisitions account for $51.2 million of total Operating costs, including Redbox’s direct product costs of $13.0 million and direct operating expenses of $16.2 million.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

The following table presents selling, general and administrative expense line items for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 and the period-over-period dollar and percentage changes for those line items:


	Nine Months Ended
	September 30,				Change
	2022		2021		Period over Period
Compensation expense	$	30,151,480	$	16,853,398	$	13,298,082	79	%
Share-based compensation		5,049,188		3,937,919		1,111,269	28	%
Professional fees		5,663,031		5,035,223		627,808	12	%
Public company expenses		1,148,728		870,065		278,663	32	%
Bad debt expense		(9,193)		617,614		(626,807)	(101)	%
Other operating expenses		13,791,830		7,923,261		5,868,569	74	%
Total Selling, General and Administrative Expenses	$	55,795,064	$	35,237,480	$	20,557,584	58	%

The increase in compensation expense of $13.3 million was due to $5.8 million in compensation expenses related to the merger with Redbox, 1091 Media and the assets of Sonar. The non-acquisition related increase is due to an increase in headcount as a result of the continued growth of the Company.

Share-based compensation expense increased $1.1 primarily related to a broader issuance of stock options granted under the 2017 Long Term Incentive Plan.

Other operating expenses increased by $5.9 million primarily related to additional overhead costs of $3.1 million from Redbox. The additional increase of $2.9 million was due to an increase in marketing expenses related to increased Crackle Plus marketing efforts and other overhead expenses as a result of the continued growth of the Company.

Amortization and Depreciation


	Nine Months Ended September 30,				Change
	2022		2021		Period over Period
Amortization and depreciation	$	9,677,727	$	4,114,355	$	5,563,372	135	%

Amortization and depreciation expense increased by $5.6 million principally due to the increase in acquired intangibles from our acquisitions during 2022 and 2021.

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Management and License Fees


	Nine Months Ended September 30,				Change
	2022		2021		Period over Period
Management and license fees	$	11,459,073	$	7,442,863	$	4,016,210	54	%

The management and license fee increased $4.0 million or 54% for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 due to the increase in eligible revenue growth over 2021.

Merger and Transaction Costs


	Nine Months Ended September 30,				Change
	2022		2021		Period over Period
Merger and transaction costs	$	17,503,791	$	736,860	$	16,766,931	2,275	%

Merger and transaction costs in the current period is $17.5 million due to the nonrecurring consulting, advisory and legal expenses related to the merger with Redbox. In the prior periods, costs were incurred for the acquisition of the assets of Sonar Entertainment.

Interest Expense

Interest expense increased $7.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, compared to 2021. The increase was related to a higher average outstanding debt balance during 2022, principally related to the assumption of the HPS debt from Redbox and film acquisition advances.

Other Non-Operating Income, net

The increase in Other non-operating income, net of $5.1 million was principally related to a $3.4 million gain related to the change in the fair value of Redbox’s warrants assumed as part of the acquisition and a $1.0 million contract cancellation income related to an option on a film commitment.

Provision for Income Taxes

The Company’s benefit for income taxes consists of federal and state taxes in amounts necessary to align our tax provision to the effective rate that we expect for the full year. Our effective tax rate for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 was a benefit of 35.9% and 0%, respectively, and our income tax benefit was $27.4 million and $0.0 million for each of the respective periods. Our effective rate is impacted by permanent differences which consist primarily of charges for incentive stock options issued under the Company’s Long-Term Incentive Plan that are not tax-deductible as well as nondeductible transaction costs. See Note 13 for more information on the current year valuation allowance release resulting from the Redbox transaction.

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LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Overview

Our primary sources of liquidity are our existing cash and cash equivalents, operating cash inflows and financing activities. As of September 30, 2022, we had cash and cash equivalents of $36.3 million, which includes $4.1 million of restricted cash. Our total gross debt outstanding was $483.3 million as of September 30, 2022, of which $44.9 million is comprised of outstanding principal under our 9.50% Notes due 2025, $405.8 million under our HPS Credit Facility, $6.6 million under our Union Bank revolving credit facility, $22.3 million on our Film Acquisition Advances and additional debt of $3.7 million for capital leases and other debt financing.

Debt, net of debt issuance costs, increased $406.0 million primarily due to an increase in HPS loans acquired with the Redbox merger in August 2022. The amount of principal due in the next twelve months is approximately $17.9 million. Under our HPS Credit Facility, we have the ability to PIK our interest for the first 18 months. See Note 11, Debt in the accompanying notes to our condensed consolidated financial statements.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company completed the sale of an aggregate of 295,173 shares of Series A Preferred Stock, for net proceeds of $7.1 million, pursuant to an “At the Market Issuance.”

During the nine months ended September 30, 2022, the Company completed the sale of an aggregate of 332,734 shares of Class A Common Stock, for net proceeds of $3.3 million, pursuant to an At the Market Issuance.

We have declared monthly dividends of $0.2031 per share on our Series A Preferred Stock to holders of record as of each month end for each of the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021. Total dividends declared during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 was $7.1 million and $6.7 million, respectively.

Cash Flows

Our cash and cash equivalents balance was $36.3 million as of September 30, 2022 and $44.3 million as of December 31, 2021.

Cash flow information for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021 is as follows:


	Nine Months Ended September 30,
	2022		2021
Cash (used in) provided by:
Operating activities	$	(51,196,199)	$	(23,666,639)
Investing activities	$	2,763,580	$	(14,261,152)
Financing activities	$	40,386,711	$	90,143,020

Operating Activities

Net cash used in operating activities was $51.2 million and $23.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. The increase in cash used in operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2022, as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2021 was primarily due to a $34.8 million increase in net loss adjusted for the exclusion of non-cash items and a $7.3 million decrease related to the effect of changes in operating assets and liabilities.

The net loss adjusted for the exclusion of non-cash items was approximately $24.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 as compared to a net loss adjusted for the exclusion of non-cash items of $10.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The decrease in the net loss adjusted for non-cash items was primarily due to a $17.9 million increase in net loss, and a $10.5 million increase in net non-cash items driven by an increase in share-based compensation.

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The effect of changes in operating assets and liabilities was a decrease of $26.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to a decrease of $33.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2021. The most significant drivers contributing to this decrease relate to the following:

•

Changes in the content assets primarily due to increased premium content investment in our licensed programming rights and our film library. Content assets increased $83.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to a $52.8 million increase for the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

•

Changes in film library acquisition and programming obligations primarily due to the timing of payments and increased content investment in our licensed programming content. Film library acquisition and programming obligations increased $69.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to a $13.1 million increase for the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

•

Changes in accrued participation costs primarily due to the timing of payments. Accrued participation costs increased $17.5 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2022 compared to a $10.3 million increase during the nine months ended September 30, 2021.

Investing Activities

For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, our investing activities had net proceeds of cash totaling $2.8 million. This increase was due to $12.9 million of cash received as part of the Redbox merger, offset by $6.7 million of net cash used to partially fund the 1091 Media acquisition and $3.5 million in cash used for capital expenditures, primarily related to enhancing our technology infrastructure and digital platforms.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, our investing activities used net cash totaling $14.2 million. The cash used investing increased from $19.4 million in cash used in connection with the Sonar Entertainment acquisition and $1.1 million in cash used for capital expenditures primarily related to our ongoing investments, particularly as it relates to enhancing our technology infrastructure and platforms to support our growing operations. The cash used in investing activities was offset by a $6.2 million decrease in our due-from affiliated companies’ balance driven by our parent company’s central cash management system through which from time to time funds are transferred to meet liquidity needs and are settled on an ongoing basis.

Financing Activities

For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, our financing activities provided cash totaling $40.3 million. This increase was primarily due to the $55.7 million in proceeds from revolving credit facilities offset by payments on our MidCap revolving credit facility of $26.0 million, $11.1 million in net proceeds related to the public offering of the 9.50% notes due 2025, $15.6 million in net proceeds from the film acquisition advances and $10.7 million in combined net proceeds from the at-the-market preferred and common stock offerings. The proceeds were offset by the repurchase of common stock in the amount of $14.0 million, dividends on preferred stock of $7.1 million and payments of our contingent consideration of $7.0 million.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2021, our financing activities provided net cash totaling $90.1 million. This increase was primarily due to the $70.5 million in net proceeds related to the July 2021 public common stock offering, $21.4 million in net proceeds related to the January 2021 common stock private placement, the $18.3 million in proceeds from revolving credit facilities, $3.4 million in net proceeds from the at-the-market common stock offerings during the period, $2.7 million in proceeds from the exercise of stock options and warrants, offset by a $8.1 million payment of contingent consideration related to the Sonar acquisition, a $6.4 million payment of dividends to preferred stockholders, the Company purchasing an additional 25,000 units of common equity in Landmark Studio Group for $6.0 million, the $2.5 million repayment of the outstanding principal under the revolving credit facility with Cole Investments VII, LLC, a $2.4 million payment on our film acquisition advance and a $0.7 million payment on our Revolving Loan.

Anticipated Cash Requirements

We believe that cash on hand and the collection of trade accounts receivable, together with equity and other debt offerings, will be adequate to meet our known operational cash and debt service (i.e., principal and interest payments) requirements

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over the next twelve months and the foreseeable future. We monitor our cash flow liquidity, availability, capital base, operational spending and leverage ratios to ensure the Company maintains it credit worthiness. If we are required to access financing for our operating needs, we may incur additional debt and/or issue preferred stock or common equity, which could serve to materially increase our liabilities and/or cause dilution to existing holders of our shares. There can be no assurance that we would be able to access debt or equity financing if required on a timely basis or at all or on terms that are commercially reasonable to our Company. If we should be required to obtain debt or equity financing and are unable to do so on the required terms, our operations and financial performance could be materially adversely affected.

Critical Accounting Policies and Significant Judgments and Estimates

This discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations is based on our condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America, or U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reported periods. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, we base our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions we believe are reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

Our significant accounting policies are described in more detail in the notes to our condensed consolidated financial statements appearing elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in our report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021. There have been no significant changes in our critical accounting policies, judgments and estimates, since December 31, 2021, except that we adopted ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) January 1, 2022 and new accounting policies adopted as a result of the merger with Redbox.

ASU 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) was issued in order to increase transparency and comparability among organizations by recognizing lease assets and lease liabilities on the balance sheet for those leases classified as operating leases under current GAAP. ASU 2016-02 requires that a lessee should recognize a liability to make lease payments (the lease liability) and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term on the balance sheet. Because we are an emerging growth company, the Company adopted the new lease accounting standard by applying the new lease guidance at the adoption date on January 1, 2022, and as allowed under the standard, elected not to restate comparative periods. As of January 1, 2022, the Company recorded a right-of-use lease asset totaling $8,612,596 with a corresponding lease liability totaling $9,991,977.

JOBS Act

We are an emerging growth company, as defined in the JOBS Act and are eligible to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growth companies, including, but not limited to, only two years of audited financial statements in addition to any required unaudited interim financial statements with correspondingly reduced “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” disclosure, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy or information statements, and not being required to adopt certain new and revised accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We have irrevocably elected to avail ourselves of the extended time for the adoption of new or revised accounting standards, and, therefore, will not be subject to the same new or revised accounting standards as public companies that are not emerging growth companies. We will no longer be classified as an emerging growth company beginning in January of 2023.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

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our unaudited financial statements at September 30, 2022 and our audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in our report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2021.

Effect of Inflation and Changes in Prices

The Company is beginning to see impacts of inflation in various areas of its business, including but not limited to, the cost of content, fuel, labor, parts, and insurance. The Company expects to see inflationary pressures to continue into 2023.

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

As of September 30, 2022, the Company has interest rate risk related to approximately $412.0 million of variable rate debt that is payable over 30 months to 5 years. A 1% increase in interest rates would increase our annual run rate interest expense by approximately $4.1 million. We currently do not hedge or have any other programs in place to mitigate this interest rate risk but may engage in a hedging strategy in the future.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures

Our management has established disclosure controls and procedures designed to ensure that information the Company is required to disclose in the reports that it files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms. Such disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information the Company is required to disclose in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. A control system, no matter how well designed and operated, cannot provide absolute assurance the objectives of the control system are met, and no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within a company have been detected.

Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of September 30, 2022, the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.

Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures as of the date of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, September 30, 2022, have been designed and are functioning effectively to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by us in reports filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.

Our independent registered public accounting firm has not performed an evaluation of our internal control over financial reporting during any period in accordance with the provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. As a result, it is possible, had our independent registered public accounting firm performed an evaluation of our internal control over financial reporting in accordance with the provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, material weaknesses and significant control deficiencies may have been identified. However, for as long as we remain an “emerging growth company” as defined in the JOBS Act, we intend to take advantage of the exemption permitting us not to comply with the requirement that our independent registered public accounting firm provide an attestation on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting.

Changes in internal control over financial reporting

No change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) occurred during the period covered by this report that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. We have not experienced any material impact to our internal controls over financial reporting despite the fact that most of our employees are working remotely due to the COVID-19 pandemic. We are continually monitoring and assessing the COVID-19 situation on our internal controls to minimize the impact on their design and operating effectiveness.

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PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1 – Legal Proceedings

In the normal course of business, from time-to-time, the Company may become subject to claims in legal proceedings. In addition to creating its own content and using its own technologies, the Company distributes third party content and utilizes third party technology, which could further expose the Company to claims arising from actions of such third parties (for which the Company would seek indemnification that may or may not be available under the terms governing the Company’s relationships with such third parties). Legal proceedings are subject-to inherent uncertainties, and an unfavorable outcome could include monetary damages, and in such event, could result in a material adverse impact on the Company’s business, financial position, results of operations, or cash flows.

Item 1A – Risk Factors

In connection with any consideration or evaluation of our company, you should read and carefully consider the risks associated with our business and operations, including those described below. Any of the risks could have a material adverse effect on our businesses, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations.

Risks Relating to Integration of Redbox into Our Existing Operations

Following our recent acquisition of Redbox, we face numerous risks that are in addition to, and differ from, those we have historically faced.

Our consolidated operations and financial position are different from our consolidated operations and financial position before the completion of the acquisition of Redbox through a series of mergers (the “Merger). For example, the renting of physical DVDs to consumers through Redbox’s legacy kiosk operations is an entirely new area business for our company. Further, in connection with the Merger we assumed approximately $366.3 million of Redbox indebtedness. The results of operations of the combined companies may be affected by risk factors that are different from those that individually affected the results of operations of CSSE and Redbox respectively prior to the Merger. Our results of operations and, relatedly, the market price and performance of our Class A Common Stock and other publicly traded securities is likely to be different from what may have been expected prior to the Merger.

CSSE Stockholders and Redbox Stockholders, in each case as of immediately prior to the Merger, now have reduced ownership in the combined company.

Approximately 4.7 million shares of our Class A Common Stock were issued as merger consideration pursuant to the former holders of Redbox common stock in the Merger. The issuance of these shares were dilutive to our earnings per share. Immediately following the completion of the Merger, persons who were stockholders of our company, and of Redbox, immediately prior to the Merger owned approximately 76.3% and 23.7%, respectively, of our outstanding capital stock (i.e., our Class A Common Stock and CSSE Class B Common Stock combined). CSSE’s and Redbox’s respective stockholders immediately prior to the Merger have less influence on the policies of the combined company than they did on the individual companies prior to the Merger.

CSSE’s ability to utilize its historic U.S. net operating loss carryforwards may be limited.

As of September 30, 2022, inclusive of Redbox, we had combined consolidated U.S. federal net operating loss carryforwards (“NOLs”) of approximately $189.0 million, with $10.8 million incurred prior to January 1, 2018, which will begin to expire, if unused, in 2031 and the remaining $178.2 million incurred on or after January 1, 2018, which will not expire and will be carried forward indefinitely. Our ability to utilize these NOLs and other tax attributes to reduce future taxable income depends on many factors, including our future income, which cannot be assured. Section 382 of the Code (“Section 382”) generally imposes an annual limitation on the amount of NOLs that may be used to offset taxable income when a corporation has undergone an “ownership change” (as

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determined under Section 382). An ownership change generally occurs if one or more stockholders (or groups of stockholders) who are each deemed to own at least 5% of such corporation’s stock increase their ownership by more than 50 percentage points over their lowest ownership percentage within a rolling three-year period. In the event that an ownership change occurs, utilization of the relevant corporation’s NOLs would be subject to an annual limitation under Section 382, generally determined, subject to certain adjustments, by multiplying (i) the fair market value of such corporation’s stock at the time of the ownership change by (ii) a percentage approximately equivalent to the yield on long-term tax-exempt bonds during the month in which the ownership change occurs (2.54% for the August, the date of the business combination). Any unused annual limitation may be carried over to subsequent years.

Redbox is expected to be deemed to have undergone an ownership change under Section 382 as a result of the Merger, which would trigger a limitation (calculated as described above) on our ability to utilize any historic Redbox NOLs. Although our issuance of stock in the Merger, standing alone, was insufficient to result in an ownership change with respect to our company, we cannot assure you that we will not be deemed to have undergone an ownership change as a result of the Merger taking into account other changes in ownership of our stock occurring within the relevant three-year period described above. If we were to be deemed to have undergone an ownership change as a result of the Merger, it may be prevented from fully utilizing its historic NOLs incurred prior to January 1, 2018.

Uncertainties associated with the integration of Redbox into CSSE as a result of the completed Merger may cause a loss of management personnel and other key employees of, which could adversely affect the future business and operations of CSSE following the Merger.

We are dependent on the experience and industry knowledge of its officers and other key employees to execute our business plans. Our success following the Merger depends in part upon our ability to retain key management personnel and other key employees. It is possible that the employees of our combined companies may experience uncertainty or disaffection about their roles within our company or the about the operations of the combined companies during our ongoing integration efforts as a result of the Merger, which may have an adverse effect on our ability to retain or attract key management and other key personnel. In addition, the loss of key Redbox personnel during the integration process or at any time thereafter could diminish the anticipated benefits of the Merger. No assurance can be given that we will be able to successfully retain or attract key management personnel and other key employees.

The business relationships of CSSE may be subject to disruption due to uncertainty associated with the Merger, which could have a material adverse effect on the results of operations, cash flows and financial position of CSSE pending and following the Merger.

Parties with which our company or Redbox did business prior to the Merger may experience uncertainty with respect to current or future business relationships with our combined companies as a result of the Merger. Our business relationships with such parties may be subject to disruption as customers, distributors, suppliers, vendors, landlords, joint venture partners and other business partners may attempt to delay or defer entering into new business relationships, negotiate changes in existing business relationships or consider entering into business relationships with parties other than our company as a result of the Merger. These disruptions could have a material and adverse effect on the results of operations, cash flows and financial position of our company, as well as a material and adverse effect on our ability to realize the expected cost savings and other benefits of the Merger.

The projected combined financial results, cost savings and other benefits following the Merger may not be realized.

In determining to consummate the Merger, our company and Redbox utilized financial estimates and forecasts that were based on assumptions of, and information available to, our management and Redbox’s management, as applicable, when prepared, and these estimates and assumptions were and remain subject to uncertainties, many of which are beyond our control. Our company and Redbox used different assumptions with respect to their evaluation of the future prospects of the legacy business of Redbox in connection with the evaluation of the

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Merger. Actual future results may vary materially from the projections, estimates and assumptions utilized in connection with an evaluation and consideration of the Merger, and we may not realize the projected combined financial and operating results or cost-savings and other benefits from the Merger.

The combined company following the Merger has significant indebtedness that exceeds the debt obligations of our pre-Merger company and Redbox in the aggregate prior to the Merger. Any inability to support debt repayment requirements, will materially adversely affect CSSE, its operations and financial condition.

As a result of the consummation of the Merger, we have significant aggregate indebtedness in excess of our indebtedness prior to the Merger, and have significant monthly, quarterly and annual debt and preferred stock dividend obligations, which need to be met from operational cash flow, existing and future credit facilities, debt financings and/or equity financings, which may not be available to CSSE as and when required or on commercially reasonable terms. The company does have tools to help manage its cash flows needs under our HPS Credit Facility, including the right to PIK interest for the first eighteen months, the right to secure an asset-based lending accounts receivable facility and the right to secure normal course film financings. Additionally, if necessary, the company has the right to defer monthly cash dividends payments on our Series Class A Preferred Stock and instead, let them accumulate.

As of September 30, 2022, CSSE had aggregate gross indebtedness of $483.2 million, including its obligations under the HPS Credit Facility, MUFG Union Bank facility, its outstanding publicly traded 9.50% notes (Nasdaq Symbol: CSSEN) and capital leases. In connection with the execution of the Merger Agreement, CSSE and HPS executed a commitment letter pursuant to which, at the Effective Time, CSSE obtained from HPS and its affiliates (i) a term loan facility consisting of the conversion and assumption by CSSE of all “Senior Obligations” under (and as defined in) the Redbox Amended Credit Agreement (other than any outstanding Sixth Amendment Incremental Revolving Loans (as defined in the Redbox Amended Credit Agreement) under the Redbox Amended Credit Agreement) and (ii) an $80 million revolving credit facility (with any outstanding the Sixth Amendment Incremental Revolving Loans under the Redbox Amended Credit Agreement being deemed, and assumed by CSSE as, revolving loans thereunder). In connection with the Merger, our company assumed $357.5 million of debt under the HPS Credit Facility and $8.8 million of debt under Redbox’s MUFG Union Bank revolver facility and capital leases. If the combined company’s monthly and annual cash flow is not adequate to cover such debt service obligations, other existing capital resources of our company would need to be utilized. If these resources also prove inadequate to service all debt obligations, we will need to secure additional financing through debt and/or equity financings. Any such financings would have the effect of further leveraging our company and/or diluting its existing stockholders. If needed, such additional financing may not be available as and when required, or on terms that are commercially reasonable. In the event we are unable to satisfy its debt service obligations following the Merger from cash flows from operations and existing resources, and is unable to secure additional financing as and when needed, it may be required to curtail all or some of its operations and/or dispose of assets or take other measures required to diminish such debt service obligations or raise capital resources as necessary to satisfy same. In addition, substantially all of our assets have been pledged in connection with such indebtedness, and any event of default under such indebtedness could lead to foreclosure of some or all of such assets. However, the Company does have the ability to secure and additional first lien asset-based accounts receivable lending facility and to secure first lien film financing facilities.

We may be unable to integrate the business of Redbox successfully or realize the anticipated benefits of the Merger.

The Merger involved the combination of two companies that previously operated as independent public companies. The combination of two independent businesses is complex, costly and time consuming, and the combined company has been required to devote significant management attention and resources to integrating our and Redbox’s respective business practices and operations. Potential difficulties that the companies may encounter as part of the integration process include the following:

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the inability to successfully integrate the business of Redbox in a manner that permits us to achieve, on a timely basis or at all, the enhanced revenue opportunities and cost savings and other benefits anticipated to result from the Merger;

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complexities associated with managing the combined businesses, including difficulty addressing possible differences in operational philosophies and the challenge of integrating complex systems, technology, networks and other assets of each of the companies in a seamless manner that minimizes any adverse impact on customers, suppliers, employees and other constituencies;

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the assumption of contractual obligations with less favorable or more restrictive terms;

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potential unknown liabilities and unforeseen increased expenses or delays associated with the Merger;

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diversion of the attention of our management; and

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the disruption of, or the loss of momentum in, our ongoing businesses or inconsistencies in standards, controls, procedures and policies.

Any of these issues could adversely affect our combined company’s ability to maintain relationships with customers, suppliers, employees and other constituencies or achieve the anticipated benefits of the Merger, or could reduce our earnings or otherwise adversely affect our business and financial results.

The synergies attributable to the Merger may vary from expectations.

We may to realize the anticipated benefits and synergies expected from the Merger, which could adversely affect its business, financial condition and operating results. The ultimate success of the Merger depends, in significant part, on our ability to successfully integrate the acquired Redbox businesses and realize the anticipated strategic benefits and synergies from the combination. We believe that the addition of Redbox complements our pre-Merger strategy by providing operational and financial scale, increasing free cash flow, and enhancing our corporate rate of return. However, achieving these goals requires, among other things, realization of the targeted cost synergies expected from the Merger. The anticipated benefits of the transaction may not be realized fully or at all, or may take longer to realize than expected. Actual operating, technological, strategic and revenue opportunities, if achieved at all, may be less significant than expected or may take longer to achieve than anticipated. If we are not able to achieve these objectives and realize the anticipated benefits and synergies expected from the Merger within the anticipated timing or at all, our business, financial condition and operating results may be adversely affected.

Our future results will suffer if we do not effectively manage our expanded operations.

Following the Merger, the size and geographic footprint of the business of CSSE will increase. CSSE’s future success will depend, in part, upon its ability to manage this expanded business, which may pose substantial challenges for management, including challenges related to the management and monitoring of new operations and associated increased costs and complexity. CSSE may also face increased scrutiny from governmental authorities as a result of the increase in the size of its business. There can be no assurances that CSSE will be successful or that it will realize the expected operating efficiencies, cost savings, revenue enhancements or other benefits currently anticipated from the Merger.

The Merger may result in a loss of customers, distributors, suppliers, vendors, landlords, joint venture partners and other business partners and may result in the termination of existing contracts.

Some of the customers, distributors, producers, suppliers, vendors, landlords, joint venture partners and other business partners of CSSE or Redbox may terminate or scale back their current or prospective business relationships with the combined company. If relationships with customers, distributors, suppliers, vendors,

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landlords, joint venture partners and other business partners are adversely affected by the Merger or any other reason, including without limitation if CSSE loses the benefits of any of the contracts of CSSE or Redbox, CSSE’s business and financial performance could suffer.

Risks Relating to COVID-19

Our business, results of operations, and financial condition may be impacted by the evolution of the coronavirus (COVID-19).

The global spread of the coronavirus (COVID-19) and the various attempts to contain it have created significant volatility, uncertainty and economic disruption. In response to government mandates, health care advisories, and employee and vendor concerns, we altered certain aspects of our operations during the pandemic, including implementing a work from home policy for all our employees. We have now re-opened our offices. Many employees are returning to our offices as we operate under a “hybrid” working environment, where office employees may have the flexibility to work remotely at least some of the time. It is possible, however, that Covid-related conditions worsen, including as result of the emergence of new strains of the virus, which could force us to return to remote operations in whole or part. Although we believe we transitioned our operations to handle remote working conditions efficiently, requirements to implement remote working policies in the future could adversely impact our productivity and the internal controls over our operations.

Although our operations have been returning to normal conditions, our business and results have been affected by COVID-19 and our financial results and metrics may not be indicative of results for future periods. In addition to production delays experienced by our company and third-party producers, we also saw material decreases, for a time, in advertising expenditures as a result of general economic conditions. Although we continually seek to build and retain our user base through the introduction of new content and improved user experiences, user growth could slow or reverse as government and other restrictions are relaxed.

Any resurgence of COVID-19, including variants thereof, or an outbreak of other highly contagious viruses, could disrupt our business in material ways, including disruptions similar to those experienced during the pandemic as well as additional disruptions. During the pandemic, from time to time, the production of our content by our company and third-party producers was halted or slowed, limiting our ability to introduce new content as previously scheduled. To the extent any future economic disruption resulting from COVID-19 or similar pandemics is severe, we could see some vendors go out of business, resulting in supply constraints and increased costs or delays to our productions. Such production pauses may cause us temporarily to have less new content available on our services in subsequent quarters, which could negatively impact consumer demand for and user retention to our services. Temporary production pauses or permanent shutdowns in production could result in content asset impairments or other charges and will change the timing and amount of cash outflows associated with production activity.

The full extent to which any future or continued outbreaks of COVID-19 or other viruses impact our business, operations and financial results will depend on numerous factors that we may not be able to accurately predict, including: the duration and scope of the pandemic; governmental, business and individuals’ actions that have been and continue to be taken in response to the pandemic; the availability and cost to access the capital markets; the effect on our customers and customer demand for our services; disruptions or restrictions on our employees’ ability to work and travel; our ability to hire and retain qualified personnel as a result of increased competition for such personnel; our ability to access resources, including technology related resources needed for maintenance, modification, and improvement of our platforms, in the face of supply scarcity and supply pipeline delays; interruptions or restrictions related to the provision of streaming services over the internet, including impacts on content delivery networks and streaming quality; and any stoppages, disruptions or increased costs associated with our development, production, post-production, marketing and distribution of original programming.

Risks Relating to Our Business

We have incurred operating losses in the past, may incur operating losses in the future, and may never achieve or maintain profitability.

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As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, we had an deficit of approximately $136.5 and $77.2 million, respectively, and for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, we had a net loss of approximately $59.4 and $44.6 million, respectively. We expect our operating expenses to increase in the future as we continue to expand our operations. If our revenue and gross profit do not grow at a greater rate than our operating expenses, we will not be able to achieve and maintain profitability. Although we believe we have adequate sources of liquidity to meet our anticipated requirements for working capital, capital expenditures, cash dividend payments on our 9.75% Series A Cumulative Redeemable Perpetual Preferred Stock (“Series A Preferred Stock”), and cash interest payments on our outstanding publicly traded notes (“Notes”), credit facilities, and other debt obligations, there can be no assurance that our cash flow from operations will be sufficient to service our debt, which may require us to borrow additional funds for that purpose, restructure or otherwise refinance our debt. Additionally, we may encounter unforeseen operating or legal expenses, difficulties, complications, delays and other factors that may result in losses in future periods. If our expenses exceed our revenue, we may never achieve or maintain profitability and some or all aspects of our business operations may need to be modified or curtailed.

We may not be able to generate sufficient cash to service our debt and other obligations.

Our ability to make payments on our debt, including our cash dividend payments on our Series A Preferred Stock, and interest payments on our outstanding Notes, our credit facilities, and our other debt obligations, will depend on our financial and operating performance, which is subject to prevailing economic and competitive conditions and to certain financial, business and other factors beyond our control. We may be unable to attain a level of cash flows from operating activities sufficient to permit us to pay all of our obligations as and when due.

If we are unable to service our debt and other obligations from cash flows, we may need to refinance or restructure all or a portion of such obligations prior to maturity, utilize our ability to PIK the interest related to our HPS debt facilities, and/or defer dividend payments on our preferred stock. Our ability to refinance or restructure our debt and other obligations will depend upon the condition of the capital markets and our financial condition at such time. Any refinancing or restructuring could be at higher interest rates and may require us to comply with more onerous covenants, which could further restrict our business operations. If our cash flows are insufficient to service our debt and other obligations after utilizing the interest and dividend payment deferral tools available to us, we may not be able to refinance or restructure any of these obligations on commercially reasonable terms or at all and any refinancing or restructuring could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, or financial condition.

If our cash flows are insufficient to fund our debt and other obligations, and we are unable to refinance or restructure these obligations, we may be forced to reduce or delay investments or to sell material assets or operations to meet our debt and other obligations. We cannot assure you that we would be able to implement any of these alternative measures on satisfactory terms or at all or that the proceeds from such alternatives would be adequate to meet any debt or other obligations then due. If it becomes necessary to implement any of these alternative measures, our business, results of operations, or financial condition could be materially and adversely affected.

We may not realize the advantages we expect from our acquisitions.

Part of our growth strategy has been and will continue to be the acquisition of scalable assets to build our business. Our relatively recent acquisitions of Redbox, 1091 Pictures, Crackle, and the assets of Sonar, require time-consuming and costly integration efforts. We may not be successful in the efficient integration of assets into our operations as we acquire them, and may not realize the anticipated benefits of such acquisitions. As we grow as a result of acquisitions, we will need to hire additional qualified personnel and may need to secure additional debt or equity financing to fund all or a portion of the cost of acquisitions or the post-closing integration and operation of these assets. The incurrence of additional debt or issuance of additional equity would result in additional leverage of our company and dilution of ownership interests therein. Our operating results may fluctuate form period to period due to the costs and expenses of acquiring and managing our acquisitions.

We are subject to numerous other risks associated with acquisitions, business combinations, or joint ventures.

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As part of our growth strategy, we regularly engage in discussions with respect to possible acquisitions, sale of assets, business combinations, and joint ventures intended to complement or expand our business, some of which may be significant transactions for us. Regardless of whether we consummate any such transaction, the negotiation of a potential transaction could require us to incur significant costs and cause diversion of management’s time and resources.

Integrating any business that we acquire may be distracting to our management and disruptive to our business and may result in significant costs to us. We could face several challenges in the consolidation and integration of information technology, accounting systems, personnel and operations. Any such transaction could also result in impairment of goodwill and other intangibles, development write-offs and other related expenses. Any of the foregoing could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results, liquidity and prospects.

If our efforts to attract and retain consumers are not successful, our business may be adversely affected.

Our success depends in part on attracting consumers, retaining them on our VOD services and physical rental business, and ultimately monetizing our VOD services and content offerings. As such, we are seeking to expand our consumer base and increase the number of hours that are streamed across our platforms, increase the number of rentals, expand our kiosk servicing business to create additional revenue opportunities. To attract and retain consumers, we need to be able to respond efficiently to changes in their tastes and preferences and to offer them access to the content they enjoy on terms that they accept. Effective monetization may require us to continue to update the features and functionality of our VOD offerings for consumers, content providers, DVD suppliers, and advertisers.

Our ability to attract consumers will depend in part on our ability to effectively market our services and physical rental business offering, as well as provide a quality experience for selecting and viewing TV series and movies. Furthermore, the relative service levels, content and DVD offerings, pricing and related features of competitors as compared to our services will determine our ability to attract and retain consumers. Competitors include other streaming entertainment providers, including those that provide AVOD, TVOD and SVOD offerings, and other direct-to-consumer video distributors and more broadly other sources of entertainment that our viewers could choose in their moments of free time. If consumers do not perceive our service and physical rental business offerings to be of value, including if we introduce new or adjust existing features or service offerings, or change the mix of content in a manner that is not favorably received by them, we may not be able to attract and retain consumers. In addition, many of our consumers originate from word-of-mouth advertising from our consumer base. If we do not grow as expected, we may not be able to adjust our expenditures or increase our revenues commensurate with the lowered growth rate such that our margins, liquidity and results of operation may be adversely impacted. If we are unable to successfully compete with current and new competitors in both retaining our existing consumer base and attracting new consumers, our business may be adversely affected.

Changes in competitive offerings for entertainment video could adversely impact our business.

The market for entertainment video is subject to rapid change. Through new and existing distribution channels, consumers have increasing options to access entertainment video. The various economic models underlying these channels include subscription, transactional, physical rental, and ad-supported models. All of these have the potential to capture meaningful segments of the entertainment video market. Traditional providers of entertainment video, including broadcasters and cable network operators, as well as internet-based e-commerce or entertainment video providers are increasing their streaming video offerings. Several of these competitors have long operating histories, large customer bases, strong brand recognition, exclusive rights to certain content and significant financial, marketing and other resources. Competitors may secure better terms from content suppliers and devote more resources to product development, technology, infrastructure, content acquisitions and marketing. New entrants may enter the market or existing providers may adjust their services with unique offerings or approaches to providing entertainment video. Our competitors also may enter into business combinations or alliances that strengthen their competitive positions. If we are unable to successfully or profitably compete with current and new competitors, our business may be adversely affected, and we may not be able to increase or maintain market share, revenues or profitability.

Our long-term results of operations are difficult to predict and depend on the results of our physical rental business, the commercial success of our VOD platforms as well as successful monetization of our video content in other ways and the continued strength of the Chicken Soup for the Soul Brand.

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Home entertainment is a rapidly evolving industry, making our business and prospects difficult to evaluate. The growth and profitability of this industry and the level of demand and market acceptance for our physical rental business, VOD platforms and content offerings are subject to a high degree of uncertainty. The success of our physical rental business depends in large part on our ability to obtain adequate content from movie studios, maintain contractual relationships with our retail partners in strategic, high-traffic locations, and effectively respond to ongoing cost- and pricing-related pressures. Cancellation, non-renewal, adverse renegotiation of or other changes to these relationships could seriously harm our business, reputation, financial condition and results of operations. We face ongoing pricing pressure from our retail partners to increase the service fees we pay to them on our products and services or to make other financial concessions to win or retain their business. If we are unable to respond effectively to ongoing pricing-related pressures, we may fail to win or retain certain accounts.

We believe that the continued growth of streaming as an entertainment alternative will depend on the availability and growth of cost-effective broadband internet access, the quality of broadband content delivery, the quality and reliability of new devices and technology, the cost for viewers relative to other sources of content, as well as the quality and breadth of content that is delivered across streaming platforms. These technologies, products and content offerings continue to emerge and evolve. In addition, many advertisers continue to devote a substantial portion of their advertising budgets to traditional advertising, such as linear TV, radio and print. The future growth of our business depends on the growth of digital advertising, and on advertisers increasing their spend on such advertising. We cannot be certain that they will do so. If advertisers do not perceive meaningful benefits of digital advertising, the market may develop more slowly than we expect, which could adversely impact our operating results and our ability to grow our business.

In addition, monetization of content that we produce and acquire from sources other than our AVOD network is an essential element of our strategy. Our ability in the long-term to obtain sponsorships, licensing arrangements, co-productions and tax credits and to distribute our original programming and acquired video content will depend, in part, upon the commercial success of the content that we initially produce and distribute and, in part, on the continued strength of the Chicken Soup for the Soul brand (the “Brand”). We cannot ensure that we will produce, acquire, and distribute successful content. The continued strength of the Brand will be affected in large part by the operations of our parent company, Chicken Soup for the Soul, LLC (“CSS”), the owner of the Brand, and its other business operations, none of which we control. CSS utilizes the Brand through its other subsidiaries for various commercial purposes, including the sale of books (including educational curriculum products), pet foods and other consumer products. Negative publicity relating to CSS or its other subsidiaries or the brand, or any diminution in the perception of the Brand could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results, liquidity and prospects. We cannot assure you that we will manage the production and distribution of all of our video content successfully, that all or any portion of our video content will be met with critical acclaim or will be embraced by audiences on a one-time or repeated basis, or that the strength of the Brand will not diminish over time.

We may not be successful in our efforts to further monetize our VOD services

We are expanding our operations and scaling our TVOD streaming service to effectively and reliably handle anticipated growth in transactions, users and features. As this offering evolves, we are developing technology, and are managing and adjusting our business to address varied content offerings, industry best practices related to e-commerce and streaming video, as well as evolving legal and regulatory environments. While we have experienced, and expect to continue to experience, growth in our TVOD service, we may expand the service in a manner that is not well received by consumers or the marketplace. Additionally, this expansion has placed, and may continue to place, significant demands on our operational, financial and administrative infrastructure and our management. In pursuing this expansion strategy, we expect to incur significant operating and capital expenditures. It is possible that we will not be able to grow our revenues through this strategy, or if growth is achieved, that it will be maintained for any significant period, or at all.

Our AVOD platforms generate revenue primarily from digital advertising and audience development campaigns that run across our streaming platform and from content distribution services. Our ability to deliver more relevant advertisements to our viewers and to increase our platform’s value to advertisers and content publishers depends on the collection of user engagement data, which may be restricted or prevented by a number of factors. Viewers may decide to opt out or restrict our ability to collect personal viewing data or to provide them with more relevant advertisements. While we have

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experienced, and expect to continue to experience, growth in our revenue from advertising, our efforts to monetize our streaming platform through the distribution of AVOD content are still developing and our advertising revenue may not grow as we expect. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that we will be successful in monetizing our streaming platform through the distribution of ad-supported content.

In addition, with the recent spread of the coronavirus throughout the United States and the rest of the world, companies’ advertising plans and amounts available for advertising may be significantly restricted or discontinued which could also impact our ability to monetize our AVOD platform.

Our reliance on third parties for content, production and distribution could limit our control over the quality of the finished video content.

We currently have limited production capabilities and rely on relationships with third parties for much of these capabilities. Working with third parties is an integral part of our strategy to produce video content on a cost-efficient basis, and our reliance on such third parties could lessen the control we have over the projects. Should the third-party producers we rely upon not produce completed projects to the standards we expect and desire, critical and audience acceptance of such projects could suffer, which could have an adverse effect on our ability to produce and distribute future projects. In particular, due to the global spread of COVID-19, and in response to government mandates and healthcare advisories, we experienced delays in new content delivery as certain of our vendors and partners halted or diminished their operations. Further, during any continuation of the COVID-19 pandemic or after it fully subsides, we cannot be assured of entering into favorable agreements with third-party content producers on economically favorable terms or on terms that provide us with satisfactory intellectual property rights in the completed projects.

There are risks related to our DVD kiosk rental business that may negatively impact our business.

We have invested, and plan to continue to invest, to maintain our infrastructure of Redbox kiosks in the United States. Optimizing our physical Redbox business will depend substantially upon growth or minimizing decline in same store sales. In addition, the home video distribution market is rapidly evolving as newer technologies and distribution channels compete for market share, and we have experienced a secular decline in the physical rental market. As this evolution continues, our DVD business and related operating results and financial condition will be adversely affected, and secular declines may accelerate. Some additional risks that could negatively impact our results include:

●

increased availability of digital movie content and changes in consumer content delivery and

viewing options and preferences, including increased use of online streaming, availability of

content on portable devices, VOD, SVOD, AVOD and time- and place-shifting technologies;

●

increased competition in the advertising video-on-demand segment including alternative or

non-traditional forms of content, user generated content type offerings such as YouTube, free

TV style offerings (including on-demand options such as Crackle), proprietary Apps and

Channels provided and populated by traditional TV and theatrical content owners (Disney+,

Peacock and similar channels);

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increased availability and quality of original programming and similar episodic content, and

exclusive arrangements with programmers, such as HBO, Showtime, Amazon and Netflix.

decreased costs for consumers to purchase or receive movie content, including less expensive

DVDs, more aggressive competitor pricing strategies and piracy;

●

windowing of titles and DVDs may change without notice by the studios, DVDs may be released

closer to alternative types of content distribution or after alternative methods of content

distribution which may impact performance;

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increased competition for physical floor space in retail locations where our kiosks are located,

both by unrelated third-party offerings and perceived monetization opportunities by the retailers

themselves;

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increased operational costs; and

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supply chain delays for inventory and parts including physical discs, and kiosk parts.

As a result, while we believe that DVD rentals will rebound in the near term due to an increase in the quantity, quality and cadence of theatrical releases, after such rebound, we believe that our DVD business results could decline over time. Further, any additional adverse developments relating to any of these risks, as well as others relating to our participation in the home video industry, could significantly affect our business, financial condition and operating results.

If we are unable to grow the client base of our third-party kiosk service business, our services line of business may be at risk.

We currently leverage our large and remote Redbox kiosk field workforce to provide services to our third-party kiosk owners. Our ability to engage and retain this workforce is necessary to merchandise and service our Redbox kiosks, meet the demands of our retail partners and users, and deliver service for our service business accounts. If we cannot continue to retain this workforce at adequate levels, our costs may rise, our service line of business may not meet committed service levels and our customers and retail partners may be dissatisfied. If the network of kiosk we service declines (including our own Redbox network of kiosk) or if we are unable to maintain key accounts (ecoATM and Amazon Locker being our largest clients) or obtain new clients, we may not be able to continue this line of business and obtain expected benefits and our business may be adversely affected.

If we do not manage the content and availability of our DVD library effectively, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected.

A critical element of our Redbox business model is optimizing our library of DVD titles, formats, and copy depth to achieve satisfactory availability rates to meet consumer demand while also maximizing margins. If we do not acquire sufficient DVD titles, we may not appropriately satisfy consumer demand, which could decrease consumer satisfaction and we could lose consumers to competitors. Conversely, if we attempt to mitigate this risk and acquire a larger number of copies to achieve higher availability rates for select titles or a wider range of titles, our library utilization would become less efficient and our margins for the Redbox business would be adversely affected. Our ability to accurately predict consumer demand as well as market factors, such as our ability to obtain satisfactory distribution arrangements, may impact our ability to acquire appropriate quantities of certain DVD titles in a timely manner. In addition, if we are unable to obtain or maintain favorable terms from our suppliers with respect to such matters as timely movie access, copy depth, formats and product destruction, among others, or if the price of DVDs increases or decreases generally or for certain titles, our library may become unbalanced and our margins may be adversely affected.

Our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected if certain agreements do not provide the expected benefits to us. For example, agreements may require us to license minimum quantities of theatrical and direct-to-video DVDs for rental at our kiosks. If the titles or format provided are not attractive to our consumers, we could be required to purchase too many copies of undesirable titles or an undesirable format, possibly in substantial amounts, which could adversely affect our Redbox business by decreasing consumer demand for offered DVD titles and consumer satisfaction with our services or negatively impact margins.

If we are unable to comply with, or lack the necessary internal controls to ensure appropriate documentation and tracking of our content library, we may, among other things, violate certain of our studio licensing arrangements, be forced to pay a fee for unaccounted DVDs and be susceptible to risks of theft and misuse of property, any of which may negatively affect our margins in the Redbox business. Any of these developments could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our failure to meet consumer expectations with respect to pricing our products and services may adversely affect our business and results of operations.

Demand for our products and services may be sensitive to pricing changes. We evaluate and update our pricing strategies from time to time, and changes we institute may have a significant impact on, among other things, our revenue

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and net income. In the future, fee increases or pricing changes may deter consumers from using our kiosks or reduce the frequency of their usage.

The long-term and fixed cost nature of our original or exclusive content distribution rights may limit our operating flexibility and could adversely affect our liquidity and results of operations.

In connection with our exclusive licensing of content, we typically enter into multi-year commitments with studios and other content providers. We also enter into multi-year commitments for content that we have exclusive distribution rights to, either directly or through third parties, including elements associated with these productions such as non-cancelable commitments under talent agreements.

Given the multiple-year duration and largely fixed cost nature of some of our content commitments, if user acquisition and retention do not meet our expectations, or if we are unable to distribute and license such content to third parties, our margins may be adversely impacted. Payment terms for certain content commitments, such as content we have exclusive distribution rights to under the Screen Media or Redbox Entertainment brands, will typically require more up-front cash payments than other content licenses or arrangements whereby we do not provide minimum guarantees. To the extent user and/or revenue growth do not meet our expectations, our liquidity and results of operations could be adversely affected as a result of content commitments and payment requirements of certain agreements. In addition, the long-term and fixed cost nature of some of our content commitments may limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to changes in our business and the market segments in which we operate. If we license and/or produce content that is not favorably received by consumers or third-party distributors, acquisition and retention may be adversely impacted and given the fixed cost nature of our content commitments, we may not be able to adjust our content offering quickly and our results of operation may be adversely impacted. Further, there is significant competition for exclusive content, which may limit our ability to acquire a sufficient number of titles or may cause increases in prices that impact profitability of titles acquired.

We may be unable to attract new partners, broaden current partner relationships, and penetrate new markets and distribution channels.

To increase the optimal availability of our products and services, we may need to attract new partners, or broaden and maintain relationships with current partners, and develop operational efficiencies that make it feasible for us to penetrate lower density markets or new distribution channels. If we are unable to do so, our future business and financial performance could be adversely affected.

The termination, non-renewal or renegotiation on materially adverse terms of Redbox’s contracts or relationships with one or more of our significant retailers or studios could seriously harm its operations and our financial condition and results of operations.

The success of our DVD business depends in large part on our ability to maintain contractual relationships with our partners in profitable locations. Certain contract provisions with our partners vary, including product and service offerings, the fees we are committed to pay, and the ability to cancel the contract upon notice after a certain period of time. For our DVD business we typically enter multi-year kiosk installation agreements that automatically renew until we, or the retailer, gives notice of termination. We strive to provide direct and indirect benefits to our partners that are superior to, or competitive with, other providers or systems or alternative uses of the floor space that our kiosks occupy. We prefer to have our kiosks placed at strategic, high-traffic locations within a partner location. If we are unable to provide them with adequate benefits, we may be unable to maintain or renew our contractual relationships on acceptable terms, causing our business, financial condition and results of operations to suffer. Additionally, to the extent a partner desires to periodically remodel its stores, and to use the space previously allocated to Redbox for different purposes (e.g., home pickup and delivery services), our business, financial condition and results of operations could suffer.

Although no individual retailer accounts for more than 10% of our consolidated revenue, Redbox does have retailers that account for a substantial amount of Redbox’s physical rental business. For example, Redbox has significant relationships with Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. and Walgreen Co. Although we have had, and expect to continue to have, a successful relationship with these partners, changes will continue to occur both in the short- and long-term, some of which could adversely affect our business and reputation. The Redbox relationship with Walmart is governed by

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contracts that provide either party the right to terminate the contracts in their entirety, or as to any store serviced by the contracts, with or without cause, on as little as 180 days’ notice. If we are unable to renew a relationship with one of these or any retail partner at the end of their applicable term, and are unable to replace that relationship with an economically equivalent relationship, our business, operations and financial results could be materially adversely effected.

Redbox’s business also depends on our ability to obtain adequate content from movie studios. We have entered into licensing agreements with certain studios to provide delivery of their DVDs. If we are unable to maintain or renew our current relationships to obtain movie content on acceptable terms, our business, financial condition and results of operations may suffer.

If some or all of these agreements prove beneficial but are terminated early, we could be negatively impacted. Moreover, if we cannot maintain similar arrangements in the future with these or other studios or distributors, or these arrangements do not provide the expected benefits to us, our business could suffer.

Payment of increased fees to retailers or other third-party service providers could negatively affect our business results.

We face ongoing pricing pressure from our retailers to increase the service fees we pay to them on our products and services or to make other financial concessions to win or retain their business. If we are unable to respond effectively to ongoing pricing-related pressures, we may fail to win or retain certain accounts. Our fee arrangements are based on our evaluation of unique factors with each retailer, such as total revenue, long-term, non-cancelable contracts, installation of our kiosks in high-traffic, geographic locations and new product and service commitments. Together with other factors, an increase in service fees paid, or other financial concessions made to our retailers could significantly increase our direct operating expenses in future periods and harm our business.

We are subject to payment processing risk.

We accept payment for movie rentals through debit card, credit card and online wallet transactions. We rely on internal systems as well as those of third parties to process payments. The Durbin amendment to the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act is unfavorable to us. We pay interchange and other fees, which have increased and may increase further over time. Further, because Redbox processes millions of small dollar amount transactions, and interchange fees represent a larger percentage of card processing costs compared to a typical retailer, we are relatively more susceptible to any fee increase. When interchange or other fees increase, it generally raises our operating costs and lowers our profit margins or requires that we charge our customers more for our products and services. To the extent there are increases in payment processing fees, material changes in the payment ecosystem, such as large re-issuances of payment cards, delays in receiving payments from payment processors, changes to rules or regulations concerning payments, loss of payment partners and/or disruptions or failures in our payment processing systems, partner systems or payment products, including products we use to update payment information our revenue, operating expenses and results of operation could be adversely impacted. In addition, from time to time, we encounter fraudulent use of payment methods, which could impact our results of operations and if not adequately controlled and managed could create negative consumer perceptions of our service. If we are unable to maintain our fraud and chargeback rate at acceptable levels, card networks may impose fines, our card approval rate may be impacted and we may be subject to additional card authentication requirements. The termination of our ability to process payments on any major payment method would significantly impair our ability to operate our business.

We depend upon third-party manufacturers, suppliers and service providers for key components and substantial support for our kiosks.

We conduct limited manufacturing and refurbishment operations and depend on outside parties to manufacture key components of our kiosks. Third-party manufacturers may not be able to meet our manufacturing needs in a satisfactory and timely manner. If there is an unanticipated increase in our manufacturing needs which are not met in a timely and satisfactory manner, we may be unable to meet demand due to manufacturing limitations.

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Some key hardware components used in our kiosks are obtained from a limited number of suppliers. We may be unable to continue to obtain an adequate supply of these components from our suppliers in a timely manner or, if necessary, from alternative sources. If we are unable to obtain sufficient quantities of components from our current suppliers or locate alternative sources of supply in a timely manner, we may experience delays in installing or maintaining our kiosks, either of which could seriously harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.

In 2021 and continuing into 2022, we have faced global supply chain challenges with certain key hardware components used in our kiosks being delayed. These supply chain constraints have resulted in inflationary pressure on component costs, longer lead times, and increased freight costs caused, in part, by the COVID-19 pandemic and the uncertain economic environment. In addition, current or future governmental policies may increase the risk of inflation, which could further increase the costs of components for our kiosks. If we are unable to mitigate the impact of supply chain constraints and inflationary pressure, our results of operations and financial condition could be negatively impacted.

Our business can be adversely affected by severe weather, natural disasters and other events beyond our control, such as earthquakes, fires, power failures, telecommunication loss, impacts from climate change and terrorist attacks.

Our assets are located in areas that may be subject to natural disasters, such as earthquakes, and extreme weather conditions, including, but not limited to, hurricanes, floods, tornados, wildfires, and winter storms. These assets may be vulnerable to natural disasters, including those exacerbated by the effects of climate change, telecommunications failures, and similar events. Such natural disasters, extreme weather conditions, or other events beyond our control may damage our kiosks and negatively impact our digital business and can, for extended periods of time, significantly reduce consumer use of our products and services as well as interrupt the ability of our employees and third-party providers to operate and service our legacy and digital businesses. We are also exposed to various risks arising out of man-made disasters, including acts of terrorism and ongoing military actions, the continued threat of which could cause significant volatility in financial markets, or otherwise trigger economic downturns.

A catastrophic event that results in the destruction or disruption of any of our critical business or information technology systems could harm our ability to conduct normal business operations and our operating results. Material operating issues arising from such events also could harm our company brand or reputation, which may impact our ability to acquire and retain users, as well as scale and sell advertising to brand and advertising partners. Such losses may not be fully covered by insurance. We do not currently expect that compliance with government laws and regulations concerning the environment and those designated to address climate risk will have a material effect upon its capital expenditures, cash flow, financial condition, earnings and competitive position.

An integral part of our strategy is to initially minimize our production, content acquisition and distribution costs by utilizing funding sources provided by others, however, such sources may not be readily available.

The production, acquisition and distribution of video content can require a significant amount of capital. As part of our strategy, we seek to fund the production, content acquisition, and distribution of our video content through co-productions, tax credits, film acquisition advances, upfront fees from sponsors, licensors, broadcasters, cable and satellite outlets and other producers and distributors, as well as through other initiatives. Such funding from the aforementioned sources or other sources may not be available on attractive terms or at all, as and when we need such funding. To the extent we are not able to secure agreements of this sort, we may need to curtail the amount of video content being produced or acquired by us or use our operating or other funds to pay for such video content, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results, liquidity and prospects. Due to the effect of the coronavirus, sponsors may not have the interest or ability to enter into and invest in co-production agreements on terms that are attractive to us or at all.

As we grow, we may seek to fund and produce more of our video content directly, subjecting us to significant additional risks.

Our current strategy of funding the production, acquisition, and distribution of our video content through the payment of upfront fees by third parties may limit the backend return to us. If we should determine to use our own funds to produce,

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acquire, and distribute more of our video content in order to capture greater backend returns, we would face significant additional risks, such as the need to internally advance funds ahead of revenue generation and cost recoupment and the need to divert some of our resources and efforts away from other operations. In order to reduce these risks, we may determine to raise additional equity or incur additional indebtedness. In such event, our stockholders and our company will be subjected to the risks associated with issuing more equity or increasing our debt obligations.

If studios, content providers or other rights holders are unable or refuse to license content or other rights upon terms acceptable to us, our business could be adversely affected.

Our ability to provide content depends on studios, content providers and other rights holders licensing rights to distribute such content and certain related elements thereof, such as the public performance of music contained within the content we distribute. If studios, content providers and other rights holders are not or are no longer willing or able to license us content upon terms acceptable to us, our ability to provide content will be adversely affected and/or our costs could increase. Increasingly, studios and other content providers have been developing their own streaming services, and may be unwilling to provide us with access to certain content so that they can give exclusive access to their own streaming services. Under a limited number of our license agreements, content owners can withdraw content from us relatively quickly and with short notice. If we do not maintain content that our viewers are interested in, our viewership may decrease and our business could be adversely effected.

Certain conflicts of interest may arise between us and our affiliated companies and we have waived certain rights with respect thereto.

Our certificate of incorporation includes a provision stating that we renounce any interest or expectancy in any business opportunities that are presented to us or our officers, directors or stockholders or affiliates thereof, except as may be set forth in any written agreement between us and any of the CSS Companies (such as the CSS License Agreement under which CSS has agreed that all video content operations shall be conducted only through our company). This provision also states that, to the fullest extent permitted by Delaware law, our officers, directors and employees shall not be liable to us or our stockholders for monetary damages for breach of any fiduciary duty by reason of any of our activities or any activities of any of the CSS Companies. As a result of these provisions, there may be conflicts of interest among us and our officers, directors, stockholders or their affiliates, including the CSS Companies, relating to business opportunities, and we have waived our right to monetary damages in the event of any such conflict.

We are required to make continuing payments to our affiliates, which may reduce our cash flow and profits.

In consideration for use of the Brand, and the provisions of key operational resources to our company, we are required to make significant payments to our affiliates as described under “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Management and License Fees Affiliate company” in this Form 10-Q. Accordingly, in the aggregate, 10% of our net revenue is paid to our affiliates on a continuous basis and will not be otherwise available to us. Beginning in August 2022, under the terms of the HPS Credit Facility, the 10% fee as it relates to Redbox’s net revenues is applied to certain limited revenue categories. As we grow our revenues, these payments could become materially more costly than building and acquiring the same resources directly within our company. Similarly, as we build our business and operations in areas outside of the Brand, the value received from licensing the Brand could diminish on absolute and relative terms.

If a project we are producing incurs substantial budget overruns, we may have to seek additional financing from outside sources to complete production or fund the overrun ourselves.

If a production we are funding incurs substantial budget overruns, we may have to seek additional financing from outside sources to complete production or fund the overrun ourselves. We cannot be certain that any required financing will be available to us on commercially reasonable terms or at all, or that we will be able to recoup the costs of overruns. Increased costs incurred with respect to a project may result in the production not being ready for release at the intended time, which could cause a decline in the commercial performance of the project. Budget overruns could also prevent a project from being completed or released at all and adversely affect our operating results.

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Our operating results may fluctuate.

Our operating results are dependent, in part, on management’s estimates of revenue to be earned over the life of a project. We will regularly review and revise our revenue estimates. This review may result in a change in the rate of amortization and/or a write-down of the video content asset to its estimated realizable value. Results of operations in future years depend upon our amortization of our video content costs. Periodic adjustments in amortization rates may significantly affect these results. Further, as many of our third-party relationships will be on a project-by-project basis, the profits, if any, generated from various projects will fluctuate based on the terms of the agreements between us and our third-party producers and distributors.

Variations in our quarterly and year-end operating results are difficult to predict and our income and cash flows may fluctuate significantly from period to period, which may impact our board of directors’ willingness or legal ability to declare and pay the dividends on our preferred stock. Specific factors that may cause fluctuations in our operating results include:

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demand and pricing for our products and services;

●

introduction of competing products;

●

our operating expenses which fluctuate due to growth of our business;

●

timing and popularity of new video content offerings and changes in viewing habits or the emergence of new content distribution platforms;

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variable sales cycle and implementation periods for content and services; and

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the continuing effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and governmental responses thereto.

As a result of the foregoing and other factors, our results of operations may fluctuate significantly from period to period, and the results of any one period may not be indicative of the results for any future period.

Distributors’ failure to promote our video content could adversely affect our revenue and could adversely affect our business results.

We will not always control the timing and way in which the distributors to which we license our content will distribute our video content offerings. However, their decisions regarding the timing of release and promotional support are important in determining our success. Any decision by those distributors not to distribute or promote our video content or to promote our competitors’ video content to a greater extent than they promote our content could adversely affect our business, financial condition, operating results, liquidity and prospects.

We are smaller and less diversified than many of our competitors.

Some of the AVOD and TVOD services, and many of the producers and studios, with which we compete are part of large diversified corporate groups with a variety of other operations, including television networks, cable channels and other diversified companies, such as Amazon or Apple, which can provide both the means of distributing their products, content flow, and stable sources of earnings that may allow them to better offset fluctuations in the financial performance of their operations. In addition, the major studios have more resources with which to compete for ideas, storylines and scripts created by third parties as well as for actors, and other personnel required for production. The resources of the major producers and studios may also give them an advantage in acquiring other businesses or assets, including video content libraries, that we might also be interested in acquiring.

We face risks from doing business internationally.

We intend to increase the distribution of our video content outside the U.S. and thereby derive significant revenue in foreign jurisdictions. As a result, our business is subject to certain risks inherent in international business, many of which are beyond our control. These risks include:

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laws and policies affecting trade, investment and taxes, including laws and policies relating to the repatriation of funds and withholding taxes, and changes in these laws;

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the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and similar laws regulating interactions and dealings with foreign government officials;

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changes in local regulatory requirements, including restrictions on video content;

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differing and more stringent user protection, data protection, privacy and other laws;

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differing degrees of protection for intellectual property;

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financial instability and increased market concentration of buyers in foreign television markets;

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the instability of foreign economies and governments;

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fluctuating currencies and foreign exchange rates;

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the spread of communicable diseases, including COVID-19, in such jurisdictions, and government responses to contain the spread of such diseases, including border closures, stay-at-home orders and quarantines, which may impact business in such jurisdictions; and

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war and acts of terrorism.

Events or developments related to these and other risks associated with international trade could adversely affect our revenue from non-U.S. sources, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results, liquidity and prospects.

The effects on our business of the war in Ukraine, or the direct military involvement of the United States in such conflict, or any similar conflicts anywhere in the world, and the ramifications of sanctions against Russia or other counties, are unknown and could be material.

Our business could be materially affected by hostilities in other countries. Adverse effects could arise from reduced viewership in our international content offerings, disruptions in Internet availability, heightened risks of cyberattacks perpetrated by government actors, or slowdowns or halts in the production of content being created in other countries. The effects on our business of any specific conflicts, including the current war in Ukraine and any escalation of such war to neighboring countries, or the direct military involvement of the United States in such conflict, or any similar conflicts anywhere in the world, cannot be predicted, but could be material and adverse. Direct US military involvement could heighten international and other risks we already face. Similarly the ramifications of sanctions put in place by the United States against Russia or other counties on our business are unknown and could be material. Our business could be harmed by retaliatory sanctions or actions taken by a country in response to US sanctions, and significant as a result of numerous circumstances arising from same, including prohibitions on the dissemination of US-based video services in certain countries, military actions, cyber-attack initiatives, and other measures that cannot be predicted.

Protecting and defending against intellectual property claims may have a material adverse effect on our business.

Our ability to compete depends, in part, upon successful protection of our intellectual property relating to our video content, including our copyrighted content, and the protection of the Chicken Soup for the Soul brand. We protect proprietary and intellectual property rights to our productions through available copyright and trademark laws and licensing and distribution arrangements with reputable international companies in specific territories and media. Under the terms of the CSS License Agreement, CSS has the primary right to take actions to protect the Brand, and, if it does not, and we reasonably deem any infringement thereof is materially harmful to our business, we may elect to seek action to protect the Brand ourselves. Although in the former case, we would equitably share in any recovery, and in the latter case, we would retain the entirety of any recovery, should CSS determine not to prosecute infringement of the Brand, we could be materially harmed and could incur substantial cost in prosecuting an infringement of the Chicken Soup for the Soul brand.

Others may assert intellectual property infringement claims against us.

It is possible that others may claim from time to time that our productions and production techniques misappropriate or infringe the intellectual property rights of third parties with respect to their previously developed content, stories, characters and other entertainment or intellectual property. Additionally, although CSS is obligated to indemnify us for claims related to our use of the Chicken Soup for the Soul brand in accordance with the CSS License Agreement, we could face lawsuits with respect to claims relating thereto. Irrespective of the validity or the successful assertion of any such claims, we could incur significant costs and diversion of resources in defending against them, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results, liquidity and prospects.

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Our business involves risks of liability claims for video content, which could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

As a producer and distributor of video content, we may face potential liability for defamation, invasion of privacy, negligence and other claims based on the nature and content of the materials distributed. These types of claims have been brought, sometimes successfully, against producers and distributors of video content. Any imposition of liability that is not covered by insurance or is in excess of insurance coverage could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results, liquidity and prospects.

Piracy of video content may harm our business.

Video content piracy is extensive in many parts of the world, including South America, Asia, and certain Eastern European countries, and is made easier by technological advances and the conversion of video content into digital formats. This trend facilitates the creation, transmission and sharing of high-quality unauthorized copies of video content on DVDs, Blu-ray discs, from pay-per-view through set-top boxes and other devices and through unlicensed broadcasts on free television and the internet. The proliferation of unauthorized copies of our video content could have an adverse effect on our business.

Any significant disruption in our technology backbone or the computer and data systems of third parties that we utilize in our operations could result in a loss or degradation of service and could adversely impact our business.

Our business involves 24-hour per day availability and delivery of video content. We utilize proprietary and third-party computer and data systems for the storage and delivery of our content, placement and delivery of our advertising inventory, and the creation of the user experience. Our reputation and ability to attract, retain and serve our viewers is dependent upon the reliable performance of these computer and data systems. These systems may be subject to damage or interruption from earthquakes, adverse weather conditions, other natural disasters, terrorist attacks, power loss, telecommunications failures, computer viruses, computer denial of service attacks or other attempts to harm these systems. Interruptions in these systems or to the internet in general, could make our content unavailable or impair our ability to deliver such content.

Our online activities are subject to a variety of laws and regulations relating to privacy, which, if violated, could limit our ability to collect and use customer data and subject us to an increased risk of litigation and regulatory actions.

In addition to our websites, we use third-party applications, websites, and social media platforms to promote our video content offerings and engage consumers, as well as monitor and collect certain information about consumers, which may include personally identifiable information and other data. There are a variety of laws and regulations governing individual privacy and the protection and use of information collected from such individuals, particularly in relation to an individual’s personally identifiable information, including the federal Video Privacy Protection Act. Laws relating to data privacy and security continue to proliferate, often with little harmonization between jurisdictions and limited guidance. A number of existing bills are pending in the U.S. Congress and other government bodies that contain provisions that would regulate, how companies can use cookies and other tracking technologies to collect, use and share user information. The United States is seeing the adoption of state-level laws governing individual privacy. This includes the California Consumer Protection Act, Massachusetts General Law 93H and regulations adopted thereunder, and the New York SHIELD Act. Many foreign countries and supranational organizations have adopted similar laws governing individual privacy, such as the EU’s General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”), some of which are more restrictive than similar United States laws. If our online activities or the activities of the third parties that we work with were to violate or were perceived to violate any applicable current or future laws and regulations that limit our ability to collect, transfer, and use data, we could be subject to litigation from both private rights of action, class action lawsuits, and regulatory actions, including fines and other penalties, as well as harm to our reputation and market position. Internationally, we may become subject to evolving, additional and/or more stringent legal obligations concerning our treatment of customer and other personal information, such as laws regarding data localization and/or restrictions on data export. Failure to comply with these obligations could subject us to liability and/or reputational damage, and to the extent that we need to alter our business model or practices to adapt to these obligations, we could incur additional expenses.

If government regulations relating to the internet or other areas of our business change, we may need to alter the way we conduct our business or incur greater operating expenses.

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The adoption or modification of laws or regulations relating to the internet or other areas of our business could limit or otherwise adversely affect the way we currently conduct our business. In addition, the continued growth and development of the market for online commerce may lead to more stringent consumer protection laws, which may impose additional burdens on us such as the EU’s GDPR. If we are required to comply with new regulations or legislation or new interpretations of existing regulations or legislation, this compliance could cause us to incur additional expenses or alter our operations.

If we experience rapid growth, we may not manage our growth effectively, execute our business plan as proposed or adequately address competitive challenges.

We anticipate continuing to grow our business and operations rapidly. Our growth strategy includes organic initiatives and acquisitions. Such growth could place a significant strain on the management, administrative, operational and financial infrastructure we utilize, a portion of which is made available to us by our affiliates under the Management Agreement. Our long-term success will depend, in part, on our ability to manage this growth effectively, obtain the necessary support and resources under the CSS Management Agreement, and grow our own internal resources as required, including internal management and staff personnel. To manage the continued growth of our operations and personnel, we also will need to increase our internal operational, financial and management controls, and our reporting systems and procedures. Failure to effectively manage growth could result in difficulty or delays in producing our video content, declines in overall project quality and increases in costs. Any of these difficulties could adversely impact our business financial condition, operating results, liquidity and prospects.

Our exclusive license to use the Chicken Soup for the Soul Brand could be terminated in certain circumstances.

We do not own the Chicken Soup for the Soul Brand. The Brand is licensed to us by CSS under the terms of the CSS License Agreement. CSS controls the Brand, and the continued integrity and strength of the Chicken Soup for the Soul Brand will depend in large part on the efforts and businesses of CSS and how the Brand is used, promoted and protected by CSS, which will be outside of the immediate control of our company. Although the license granted to us under the CSS License Agreement is perpetual, it may be terminated by CSS upon the cessation of our business, our bankruptcy, liquidation, or insolvency, or if we fail to pay any sums due or otherwise fail to perform under the License Agreement within 30 days following delivery of a second written notice by CSS.

We may not be able to realize the entire book value of goodwill and other intangible assets from our acquisitions.

As of September 30, 2022, we had net intangible assets of $305.1 million and goodwill of $277.1 million. As of December 31, 2021 and 2020, we had net intangible assets of $30.2 million and $31.5 million, respectively, and goodwill of $40.0 million and $21.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2021 and 2020, respectively, primarily related to the formation of Crackle Plus, the acquisition of the Crackle assets, Sonar assets and other acquisitions. We assess goodwill and other intangible assets for impairment at least annually and more frequently if certain events or circumstances warrant. If the book value of goodwill or other intangible assets is impaired, any such impairment would be charged to earnings in the period of impairment. If we determine that goodwill and other intangible assets are impaired in the future, it could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Claims against us relating to any acquisition or business combination may necessitate our seeking claims against the seller for which the seller may not indemnify us or that may exceed the seller’s indemnification obligations.

There may be liabilities assumed in any acquisition or business combination that we did not discover or that we underestimated in the course of performing our due diligence. Although a seller generally may have indemnification obligations to us under an acquisition or merger agreement, these obligations usually will be subject to financial limitations, such as general deductibles and maximum recovery amounts, as well as time limitations. In certain circumstances we obtain representation and warranties insurance related to our acquisitions, but these too have limitations and conditions that could prevent recovery in certain circumstances. We cannot assure you that our right to indemnification from any seller will be enforceable, collectible or sufficient in amount, scope or duration to fully offset the amount of any unknown or underestimated liabilities that we may incur. Any such liabilities, individually or in the aggregate, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results, liquidity and prospects.

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We may require and not be able to obtain additional funding and may be unable to raise such funding when needed, which could force us to delay, reduce, eliminate, or abandon growth initiatives.

We intend to continue making investments to support the growth of our business, including organic growth and growth through acquisitions. Our ability to grow through acquisitions, business combinations and joint ventures, and our ability to fund our operating expenses after one or more acquisitions may depend upon our ability to obtain funds through equity financing, debt financing (including credit facilities), or the sale or syndication of some or all of our interests in certain projects or other assets or businesses. Our issuance of additional debt instruments or the sale of preferred stock could result in the imposition of operational limitations and other covenants and payment obligations (in addition to those we already have in place), any of which may be burdensome to us and may have a material adverse impact on our ability to implement our business plan as currently formulated. The sale of equity securities, including common or preferred stock, may result in dilution to the current stockholders’ ownership and may be limited by the number of shares we have authorized and available for issuance. If we do not have access to financing arrangements, and if funds do not become available on terms acceptable to us, or at all, we may have to delay, reduce, eliminate, or abandon certain aspects of our business plan, including planned acquisitions. We may also have to reduce our licensing, marketing, customer support or other core business services. Such actions could result in a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results, liquidity and prospects.

Our success depends on our management and relationships with our affiliated companies.

Our success depends to a significant extent on the performance of our management personnel and key employees, including production and creative personnel, made available to us through the CSS Management Agreement. The loss of the services of such persons or the resources supplied to us by our affiliated companies could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results, liquidity and prospects.

To be successful, we need to attract and retain qualified personnel.

Our success will depend to a significant extent on our ability to identify, attract, hire, train and retain qualified professional, creative, technical and managerial personnel. Competition for the caliber of talent required to produce and distribute our video content continues to increase, and for certain personnel has become extremely difficult during the COVID-19 pandemic. We cannot assure you that we will be successful in identifying, attracting, hiring, training and retaining such personnel in the future. If we were unable to hire, assimilate and retain qualified personnel in the future, such inability could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, operating results, liquidity and prospects.

Since most of our content is digitally stored and distributed online, and we accept online payments for various subscription services, we face numerous cybersecurity risks.

We utilize information technology systems, including third-party hosted servers and cloud-based servers, to host our digital content, as well as to keep business, financial, and corporate records, communicate internally and externally, and operate other critical functions. If any of our internal systems or the systems of our third-party providers are compromised due to computer virus, unauthorized access, malware, and the like, then sensitive documents could be exposed or deleted, and our ability to conduct business could be impaired.

Cyber incidents can result from deliberate attacks or unintentional events. These incidents can include, but are not limited to, unauthorized access to our systems, computer viruses or other malicious code, denial of service attacks, malware, ransomware, phishing, SQL injection attacks, human error, or other events that result in security breaches or give rise to the manipulation or loss of sensitive information or assets. Cyber incidents can be caused by various persons or groups, including disgruntled employees and vendors, activists, organized crime groups, and state-sponsored and individual hackers. Cyber incidents can also be caused or aggravated by natural events, such as earthquakes, floods, fires, power loss, and telecommunications failures.

To date, we have not experienced any material losses relating to cyber-attacks, computer viruses, or other systems failures. Although we have taken steps to protect the security of data maintained in our information systems, it is possible that our

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security measures will not be able to prevent the systems’ improper functioning or the improper disclosure of personally identifiable information, such as in the event of cyber-attacks. In addition to operational and business consequences, if our cybersecurity is breached, we could be held liable to our customers or other parties in regulatory or other actions, and we may be exposed to reputation damages and loss of trust and business. This could result in costly investigations and litigation, civil or criminal penalties, fines, and negative publicity.

Certain information relating to our customers, including personally identifiable information and credit card numbers, is collected and maintained by us, or by third parties that do business with us or facilitate our business activities. This information is maintained for a period of time for various business purposes, including maintaining records of customer preferences to enhance our customer service and for billing, marketing, and promotional purposes. We also maintain personally identifiable information about our employees. The integrity and protection of our customer, employee and our data is critical to our business. Our customers and our employees expect that we will adequately protect their personal information, and the regulations applicable to security and privacy are increasingly demanding. Privacy regulation is an evolving area and compliance with applicable privacy regulations may increase our operating costs or adversely impact our ability to service our customers and market our properties and services.

The occurrence of natural or man-made disasters could result in declines in business that could adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

We are exposed to various risks arising out of natural disasters, including earthquakes, hurricanes, fires, floods, landslides, tornadoes, typhoons, tsunamis, hailstorms, explosions, climate events or weather patterns and pandemic health events (such as the recent pandemic spread of the novel corona virus known as COVID-19 virus, duration and full effects of which are still uncertain), as well as man-made disasters, including acts of terrorism, military actions, cyber-terrorism, explosions and biological, chemical or radiological events. The continued threat of terrorism and ongoing military actions may cause significant volatility in global financial markets, and a natural or man-made disaster could trigger an economic downturn in the areas directly or indirectly affected by the disaster. These consequences could, among other things, result in a decline in business. Disasters also could disrupt public and private infrastructure, including communications and financial services, which could disrupt our normal business operations. A natural or man-made disaster also could disrupt the operations of our partners and counterparties or result in increased prices for the products and services they provide to us.

We are an “emerging growth company” under the JOBS Act and we cannot be certain if the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growth companies will make our securities less attractive to investors.

We are an “emerging growth company”, as defined in the JOBS Act, and we take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not “emerging growth companies” including, but not limited to, not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements, and exemptions from the requirements of holding a non-binding advisory vote on executive compensation and shareholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previously approved. We cannot predict if investors will find our securities less attractive because we may rely on these exemptions. If some investors find our securities less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our Class A common stock, Series A Preferred Stock, and publicly traded notes and the trading price of such securities may be more volatile.

In addition, Section 107 of the JOBS Act also provides that an “emerging growth company” can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act for complying with new or revised accounting standards. In other words, an “emerging growth company” can delay the adoption of certain accounting standards until those standards would otherwise apply to private companies. We take advantage of the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards. This may make comparison of our financial statements with another public company which is not an emerging growth company difficult or impossible because of the potential differences in accounting standards used.

We will remain an “emerging growth company” for up to five years, although we will lose that status sooner if our revenue exceeds $1.07 billion, if we issue more than $1 billion in non-convertible debt in a three-year period, or if the market value of our common stock that is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of June 30 of any year.

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Our certificate of incorporation provides, subject to limited exceptions, that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware is the sole and exclusive forum for certain stockholder litigation matters, which could limit our stockholders’ ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers, employees or stockholders.

Our certificate of incorporation requires, to the fullest extent permitted by law, that derivative actions brought in our name, actions against directors, officers and employees for breach of fiduciary duty and other similar actions may be brought only in the Court of Chancery in the State of Delaware (or if the Court of Chancery does not have jurisdiction, another state court located within the State of Delaware, or if no state court located within the State of Delaware has jurisdiction, the federal district court for the District of Delaware) and, if brought outside of Delaware, the stockholder bringing the suit will be deemed to have consented to the personal jurisdiction of the state and federal courts located within the State of Delaware and to service of process on such stockholder’s counsel. Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in shares of our capital stock shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to the forum provisions in our certificate of incorporation.

This choice of forum provision may limit a stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that it finds favorable for disputes with us or any of our directors, officers or employees, which may discourage lawsuits with respect to such claims. We cannot be certain that a court will decide that this provision is either applicable or enforceable, and if a court were to find the choice of forum provision contained in our certificate of incorporation to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions, which could harm our business, operating results and financial condition.

Our certificate of incorporation provides that the exclusive forum provision is applicable to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law. Section 27 of the Exchange Act creates exclusive federal jurisdiction over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Exchange Act or the rules and regulations thereunder. As a result, we anticipate that the exclusive forum provision will not apply to suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Exchange Act, the Securities Act or any other claim for which the federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction and the exclusive forum provision is not intended to waive our compliance with federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder or bar claims properly brought thereunder.

Risks Related to Our Securities

Our Common Stock

Our chairman and chief executive officer effectively controls our company.

We have two classes of common stock — Class A Common Stock, each share of which entitles the holder thereof to one vote on any matter submitted to our stockholders, and Class B Common Stock, each share of which entitles the holder thereof to ten votes on any matter submitted to our stockholders. Our chairman and chief executive officer, William J. Rouhana, Jr., has control over the vast majority of all the outstanding voting power as represented by our outstanding Class B and Class A Common Stock and effectively controls CSS Holdings and CSS, which controls CSS Productions, and, in turn, our company. Further, our bylaws provide that any member of our board may be removed with or without cause by the majority of our outstanding voting power, thus Mr. Rouhana exerts significant control over our board. This concentration of ownership and decision making may make it more difficult for other stockholders to effect substantial changes in our company and may also have the effect of delaying, preventing or expediting, as the case may be, a change in control of our company.

A substantial number of shares of our Class A Common Stock may be issued upon exercise of outstanding warrants, which could adversely affect the price of our publicly traded securities.

A substantial number of shares of Class A Common Stock may be issued upon the exercise of outstanding warrants, including the following:

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Class W Warrants, exercisable for up to an aggregate of 526,362 shares of Class A Common Stock at an exercise price of $7.50 per share;

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Class Z Warrants, exercisable for up to an aggregate of 123,109 shares of Class A Common Stock at a price of $12.00 per share;

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Class I Warrants, exercisable for up to an aggregate of 800,000 shares of our Class A Common Stock at an exercise price of $8.13 per share;

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Class II Warrants, exercisable for up to an aggregate of 1,200,000 shares of our Class A Common Stock at an exercise price of $9.67 per share;

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Class III-A Warrants, exercisable for up to an aggregate of 380,000 shares of our Class A Common Stock at an exercise price of $11.61 per share;

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Class III-B Warrants, exercisable for up to an aggregate of 1,620,000 shares of our Class A Common Stock at an exercise price of $11.61 per share.

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Redbox Warrants, exercisable for up to an aggregate of 1,378,248 shares of our Class A Common Stock at an exercise price of $132.18 per share.

If all of the outstanding warrants are exercised for cash we will be required to issue an aggregate of 6,027,719 shares of Class A Common Stock, or approximately 46% of our Class A Common Stock outstanding as of September 30, 2022. The warrant holders will likely exercise the warrants only at a time when it is economically beneficial to do so. Accordingly, the exercise of these warrants will significantly dilute our other equity holders and may adversely affect the market price of our publicly traded securities.

We utilize At the Market Issuance Sales Agreements, pursuant to which we may offer and sell, from time to time, shares of Class A Common Stock and shares of Series A Preferred Stock, which may adversely affect the price of our Class A Common Stock and Series A Preferred Stock .

We utilize At the Market Issuance Sales Agreement (“ATM Agreements”) pursuant to which we may issue shares of Class A Common Stock and Series A Preferred Stock having an aggregate offering price of up to $1,000,000,000. The sale of Class A Common Stock will dilute our other equity holders and may adversely affect the market price of the Class A Common Stock. Issuance of shares of our Series A Preferred Stock will increase our dividend payment obligations and increase the liquidation preference. Under our currently existing ATM Agreement with Virtu Americas and B. Riley, as of September 30, 2022, we have sold an aggregate of 295,173 shares of Series A Preferred Stock, generating net proceeds to us of $7.1 million.

Only a limited market exists for our Class A Common Stock, Series A Preferred Stock, Notes and Warrants, which could lead to price volatility.

Our Class A Common Stock, Series A Preferred Stock, Notes and Redbox Warrants trade on the Nasdaq Global Market under the symbols “CSSE,” “CSSEP”, CSSEN and CSSEL,” respectively. Our Class W warrants and Class Z warrants are quoted on the OTC Markets under the symbols “CSSEW” and “CSSEZ,” respectively. However, trading volume for our securities has historically been relatively limited. The limited trading market for our securities may cause fluctuations in the market value of these securities to be exaggerated, leading to price volatility in excess of that which would occur in a more active trading market for our securities.

We currently do not plan to pay any dividends on our Class A Common Stock.

The payment of cash dividends on our Class A Common Stock in the future will be dependent upon our revenue and earnings, if any, capital requirements and general financial condition, our obligation to pay dividends on our Series A Preferred Stock and make quarterly interest payments on the Notes, the laws and regulations of the State of Delaware and will be within the discretion of our board of directors. As a result, any gain you may realize on our Class A Common Stock may result solely from the appreciation of such shares. If our securities become subject to the SEC’s penny stock rules, broker-dealers may have trouble in completing customer transactions and trading activity in our securities may be adversely affected.

If at any time our securities become subject to the “penny stock” rules promulgated under the Exchange Act our securities could be adversely affected. Typically, securities trading under a market price of $5.00 per share and that do not meet

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certain exceptions, such as national market listing or annual revenue criteria, are subject to the penny stock rules. Under these rules, broker-dealers who recommend such securities to persons other than institutional accredited investors must:

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make a special written suitability determination for the purchaser;

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receive the purchaser’s written agreement to the transaction prior to sale;

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provide the purchaser with risk disclosure documents which identify certain risks associated with investing in “penny stocks” and which describe the market for these “penny stocks” as well as a purchaser’s legal remedies; and

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obtain a signed and dated acknowledgement from the purchaser demonstrating that the purchaser has received the required risk disclosure documents before a transaction in a “penny stock” can be completed.

If our securities become subject to these rules, broker-dealers may find it difficult to effectuate customer transactions and trading activity in our securities may be adversely affected. As a result, the market price of our securities may be depressed, and you may find it more difficult to sell our securities. Nasdaq could delist our Class A Common Stock from quotation on its exchange, which could limit investors’ ability to sell and purchase our shares and subject us to additional trading restrictions.

Our Class A Common Stock is currently listed on Nasdaq, a national securities exchange. If our Class A Common Stock is not listed on Nasdaq or another national securities exchange at any time after the date hereof, we could face significant material adverse consequences, including:

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a limited availability of market quotations for our Class A Common Stock;

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reduced liquidity with respect to our Class A Common Stock;

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a determination that our Class A Common Stock is “penny stock” which will require brokers trading in our shares to adhere to more stringent rules, possibly resulting in a reduced level of trading activity in the secondary trading market for our Class A Common Stock;

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a limited amount of news and analyst coverage for our company; and

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a decreased ability to issue additional securities or obtain additional financing in the future.

Risks Related to our Series A Preferred Stock

We may redeem the Series A Preferred Stock.

On or after June 27, 2023, we may, at our option, redeem the Series A Preferred Stock, in whole or in part, at any time or from time to time. Also, upon the occurrence of a Change of Control prior to June 27, 2023, we may, at our option, redeem the Series A Preferred Stock, in whole or in part, within 120 days after the first date on which such Change of Control occurred. We may have an incentive to redeem the Series A Preferred Stock voluntarily if market conditions allow us to issue other preferred stock or debt securities at a rate that is lower than the dividend rate on the Series A Preferred Stock. If we redeem the Series A Preferred Stock, then from and after the redemption date, dividends will cease to accrue on shares of Series A Preferred Stock, the shares of Series A Preferred Stock shall no longer be deemed outstanding and all rights as a holder of those shares will terminate, except the right to receive the redemption price plus accumulated and unpaid dividends, if any, payable upon redemption.

We must adhere to prescribed legal requirements and have sufficient cash in order to be able to pay dividends on our Series A Preferred Stock.

In accordance with Section 170 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, we may only declare and pay cash dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock if we have either net profits during the fiscal year in which the dividend is declared and/or the preceding fiscal year, or a “surplus”, meaning the excess, if any, of our net assets (total assets less total liabilities) over our capital. We can provide no assurance that we will satisfy such requirements in any given year. Further, even if we have the legal ability to declare a dividend, we may not have sufficient cash to pay dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock. Our ability to pay dividends may be impaired if any of the risks described herein actually occur. Also, payment of our dividends depends upon our financial condition and other factors as our board of directors may deem relevant from time to time. We cannot assure you that our businesses will generate sufficient cash flow from operations or that future borrowings will be available to us in an amount sufficient to enable us to pay dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock.

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A holder of Series A Preferred Stock has extremely limited voting rights.

The voting rights for a holder of Series A Preferred Stock are limited. Our shares of Class A Common Stock and Class B Common Stock vote together as a single class and are the only class of our securities that carry full voting rights. Mr. Rouhana, our chairman of the board and chief executive officer, beneficially owns the vast majority of the voting power of our outstanding common stock. As a result, Mr. Rouhana exercises a significant level of control over all matters requiring stockholder approval, including the election of directors, amendment of our certificate of incorporation, and approval of significant corporate transactions. This control could have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control of our company or changes in management and will make the approval of certain transactions difficult or impossible without his support, which in turn could reduce the price of our Series A Preferred Stock.

Voting rights for holders of the Series A Preferred Stock exist primarily with respect to the ability to elect, voting together with the holders of any other series of our preferred stock having similar voting rights, two additional directors to our board of directors in the event that eighteen monthly dividends (whether or not consecutive) payable on the Series A Preferred Stock are in arrears, and with respect to voting on amendments to our certificate of incorporation, including the certificate of designations relating to the Series A Preferred Stock, that materially and adversely affect the rights of the holders of Series A Preferred Stock or authorize, increase or create additional classes or series of our capital stock that are senior to the Series A Preferred Stock.

The market price of the Series A Preferred Stock could be substantially affected by various factors.

The market price of the Series A Preferred Stock depends on many factors, some of which are beyond our control and may not be directly related to our operating performance. These factors include, but are not limited to, the following:

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prevailing interest rates, increases in which may have an adverse effect on the market price of the Series A Preferred Stock;

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trading prices of similar securities;

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our history of timely dividend payments;

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the annual yield from dividends on the Series A Preferred Stock as compared to yields on other financial instruments;

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general economic and financial market conditions;

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government action or regulation;

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the financial condition, performance and prospects of us and our competitors;

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changes in financial estimates or recommendations by securities analysts with respect to us or our competitors in our industry;

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our issuance of additional preferred equity or debt securities; and

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actual or anticipated variations in quarterly operating results of us and our competitors.

The Series A Preferred Stock ranks junior to all our indebtedness and other liabilities.

In the event of our bankruptcy, liquidation, dissolution or winding-up of our affairs, our assets will be available to pay obligations on the Series A Preferred Stock only after all our indebtedness and other liabilities have been paid. The rights of holders of the Series A Preferred Stock to participate in the distribution of our assets will rank junior to the prior claims of our current and future creditors and any future series or class of preferred stock we may issue that ranks senior to the Series A Preferred Stock. Also, the Series A Preferred Stock effectively ranks junior to all existing and future indebtedness and to the indebtedness and other liabilities of our existing subsidiaries and any future subsidiaries. Our existing subsidiaries are, and future subsidiaries would be, separate legal entities and have no legal obligation to pay any amounts to us in respect of dividends due on the Series A Preferred Stock.

We have incurred and may in the future incur substantial amounts of debt and other obligations that will rank senior to the Series A Preferred Stock. As of the date of this filing, our total liabilities (excluding contingent consideration) equaled approximately $799.4 million. If we are forced to liquidate our assets to pay our creditors, we may not have sufficient assets to pay amounts due on any or all the Series A Preferred Stock then outstanding.

Market interest rates may materially and adversely affect the value of the Series A Preferred Stock.

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One of the factors that will influence the price of the Series A Preferred Stock is the dividend yield on the Series A Preferred Stock (as a percentage of the market price of the Series A Preferred Stock) relative to market interest rates. Increases in market interest rates may lead prospective purchasers of the Series A Preferred Stock to expect a higher dividend yield (and higher interest rates would likely increase our borrowing costs and potentially decrease funds available for dividend payments). Thus, higher market interest rates could cause the market price of the Series A Preferred Stock to materially decrease.

Holders of the Series A Preferred Stock may be unable to use the dividends-received deduction and may not be eligible for the preferential tax rates applicable to “qualified dividend income.”

Distributions paid to corporate U.S. holders of the Series A Preferred Stock may be eligible for the dividends-received deduction, and distributions paid to non-corporate U.S. holders of the Series A Preferred Stock may be subject to tax at the preferential tax rates applicable to “qualified dividend income,” only if we have current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Additionally, we may not have sufficient current earnings and profits during future fiscal years for the distributions on the Series A Preferred Stock to qualify as dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes. If the distributions fail to qualify as dividends, U.S. holders would be unable to use the dividends-received deduction and may not be eligible for the preferential tax rates applicable to “qualified dividend income.” If any distributions on the Series A Preferred Stock with respect to any fiscal year are not eligible for the dividends-received deduction or preferential tax rates applicable to “qualified dividend income” because of insufficient current or accumulated earnings and profits, it is possible that the market value of the Series A Preferred Stock might decline.

A reduction in the credit rating of our Series A Preferred Stock could adversely affect the pricing and liquidity of such stock.

Any downward revision or withdrawal of the credit rating on our Series A Preferred Stock could materially adversely affect market confidence in such stock and could cause material decreases in the market price of such stock and could diminish market liquidity. Egan-Jones has initially rated our Series A Preferred Stock as BBB(-). Neither Egan-Jones nor any other agency is under any obligation to maintain any rating assigned to our Series A Preferred Stock and such rating could be revised downward or withdrawn at any time for reasons of general market changes or changes in our financial condition or for no reason at all.

The Series A Preferred Stock is not convertible into Class A Common Stock, including in the event of a change of control, and investors will not realize a corresponding upside if the price of the Class A Common Stock increases.

The Series A Preferred Stock is not convertible into shares of Class A Common Stock and earns dividends at a fixed rate. Accordingly, an increase in market price of our Class A Common Stock will not necessarily result in an increase in the market price of our Series A Preferred Stock. The market value of the Series A Preferred Stock may depend more on dividend and interest rates for other preferred stock, commercial paper and other investment alternatives and our actual and perceived ability to pay dividends on, and in the event of dissolution satisfy the liquidation preference with respect to, the Series A Preferred Stock.

Our Notes

The Notes are unsecured and therefore are effectively subordinated to any secured indebtedness we have incurred or may incur in the future.

The Notes are not secured by any of our assets. As a result, the Notes are effectively subordinated to all of our existing and future secured indebtedness, such as any new loan facility or other indebtedness to which we grant a security interest, including our $10,210,000 film acquisition advance from Great Point Media Limited which is secured by territorial licenses and distribution rights in certain films and productions owned or to be acquired by Screen Media, but only to the extent of the value of the assets securing such indebtedness. In any liquidation, dissolution, bankruptcy or other similar proceeding, the holders of any of our existing or future secured indebtedness may assert rights against the assets pledged

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to secure that indebtedness in order to receive full payment of their indebtedness before the assets may be used to pay other creditors, including the holders of the Notes.

The Notes are structurally subordinated to the existing and future indebtedness and other liabilities of our subsidiaries.

The Notes are obligations exclusively of Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc., and not any of our subsidiaries. In addition, the Notes are not guaranteed by any third-party, whether an affiliate or unrelated to us. None of the assets of our subsidiaries will be directly available to satisfy the claims of holders of the Notes. Except to the extent we are a creditor with recognized claims against our subsidiaries, all claims of creditors of our subsidiaries will have priority over our equity interests in such entities (and therefore the claims of our creditors, including holders of the Notes) with respect to the assets of such entities. Even if we are recognized as a creditor of one or more of these entities, our claims would still be effectively subordinated to any security interests in the assets of any such entity and to any indebtedness or other liabilities of any such entity senior to our claims. Consequently, the Notes are structurally subordinated to all indebtedness and other liabilities of any of our subsidiaries.

The indenture under which the Notes are issued contains limited protection for holders of the Notes.

The indenture under which the Notes are issued offers limited protection to holders of the Notes. The terms of the indenture and the Notes do not restrict our ability to engage in, or otherwise be a party to, a variety of corporate transactions, circumstances or events that could have a material adverse impact on your investment in the Notes. In particular, except in limited circumstances, the terms of the indenture and the Notes do not restrict our ability to:

●

issue securities or otherwise incur additional indebtedness or other obligations, including (1) any indebtedness or other obligations that would be equal or senior in right of payment to the Notes, (2) any indebtedness or other obligations that would be secured and therefore rank effectively senior in right of payment to the Notes to the extent of the values of the assets securing such debt, (3) indebtedness that we incur that is guaranteed by one or more of our subsidiaries and which therefore is structurally senior to the Notes and (4) securities, indebtedness or obligations issued or incurred by our subsidiaries that would be senior to our equity interests in those entities and therefore rank structurally senior to the Notes with respect to the assets of these entities;

●

pay dividends on, or purchase or redeem or make any payments in respect of, capital stock or other securities ranking junior in right of payment to the Notes, including our Series A Preferred Stock or any subordinated indebtedness;

●

sell assets (other than certain limited restrictions on our ability to consolidate, merge or sell all or substantially all of our assets);

●

enter into transactions with affiliates;

●

create liens or enter into sale and leaseback transactions;

●

make investments; or

●

create restrictions on the payment of dividends or other amounts to us from our subsidiaries.

In addition, the indenture does not require us to offer to purchase the Notes in connection with a change of control or any other event (but does afford us the right to redeem the Notes prior to the prescribed redemption date upon the consummation of certain transactions).

Similarly, the terms of the indenture and the Notes do not protect holders of the Notes in the event that we experience changes (including significant adverse changes) in our financial condition, results of operations or credit ratings, if any.

Our ability to recapitalize, incur additional debt and take a number of other actions that are not limited by the terms of the Notes may have important consequences for holders of the Notes, including making it more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations with respect to the Notes or negatively affecting the trading value of the Notes.

Other debt we issue or incur in the future could contain more protections for its holders than the indenture and the Notes, including additional covenants and events of default. For example, the indenture under which the Notes are issued does not contain cross-default provisions. The issuance or incurrence of any indebtedness with incremental protections could affect the market for and trading levels and prices of the Notes. Additionally, even if we issue indebtedness that ranks equally with the Notes, the holders of such indebtedness will be entitled to share ratably with the noteholders in any proceeds distributed in connection with any insolvency, liquidation, reorganization, or dissolution, which may have the effect of reducing the amount of proceeds paid to our noteholders. Incurrence of additional debt would also further reduce the cash available to invest in operations, as a result of increased debt service obligations, and may cause a cross-default

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on our other obligations, as described elsewhere in these Risk Factors. If new debt is added to our current indebtedness, the related risks that we now face could be compounded.

An increase in market interest rates could result in a decrease in the value of the Notes.

In general, as market interest rates rise, notes bearing interest at a fixed rate decline in value. Consequently, if you purchase the Notes, and the market interest rates subsequently increase, the market value of your Notes may decline. We cannot predict the future level of market interest rates.

An active trading market for the Notes may not be sustained, which could limit your ability to sell the Notes or the market price of the Notes.

Although the Notes are listed on the Nasdaq Global Market under the trading symbol “CSSEN,” we cannot provide any assurances that an active trading market will develop or be maintained for the Notes or that you will be able to sell your Notes. The Notes may trade at a discount from their initial offering price depending on prevailing interest rates, the market for similar securities, our credit ratings, if any, general economic conditions, our financial condition, performance and prospects and other factors. Accordingly, we cannot assure you that a liquid trading market for the Notes will be sustained, that you will be able to sell your Notes at a particular time or that the price you receive when you sell will be favorable. To the extent an active trading market is not sustained, the liquidity and trading price for the Notes may be harmed. Accordingly, you may be required to bear the financial risk of an investment in the Notes for an indefinite period of time.

We may choose to redeem the Notes when prevailing interest rates are relatively low.

Since July 31, 2022, we have had the right to redeem the Notes from time to time, which we may elect to do especially when prevailing interest rates are lower than the rate borne by the Notes. If prevailing rates are lower at the time of redemption, you would not be able to reinvest the redemption proceeds in a comparable security at an effective interest rate as high as the interest rate on the Notes being redeemed. Our redemption right also may adversely impact your ability to sell the Notes as the optional redemption date or period approaches.

If we default on our obligations to pay our other indebtedness, we may not be able to make payments on the Notes.

Any default under the agreements governing our existing or future indebtedness that is not waived by the required lenders, and the remedies sought by the holders of such indebtedness, could make us unable to pay principal and interest on the Notes and substantially decrease the market value of the Notes. If we are unable to generate sufficient cash flow and are otherwise unable to obtain funds necessary to meet required payments of principal and interest on our indebtedness, or if we otherwise fail to comply with the various covenants, including financial and operating covenants, in the instruments governing our indebtedness, we could be in default under the terms of the agreements governing such indebtedness, including the Notes. In the event of such default, the holders of such indebtedness could elect to declare all the funds borrowed thereunder to be due and payable, together with accrued and unpaid interest. In addition, the lenders under any loan facility or other financing that we may obtain in the future could elect to terminate their commitment, cease making further loans and institute foreclosure proceedings against our assets, and we could be forced into bankruptcy or liquidation. Any such default may constitute a default under the Notes, which could further limit our ability to repay our indebtedness, including the Notes. If our operating performance declines, we may in the future need to seek to obtain waivers from our existing lenders at the time to avoid being in default. If we breach any loan covenants, we may not be able to obtain such a waiver from the lenders. If this occurs, we would be in default under the credit arrangement that we have, the lender could exercise its rights as described above, and we could be forced into bankruptcy or liquidation. If we are unable to repay indebtedness, lenders having secured obligations could proceed against the collateral securing their debt. Because any future credit facilities will likely have, customary cross-default provisions, if the indebtedness under the Notes, or under any future credit facility is accelerated, we may be unable to repay or finance the amounts due.

We are not obligated to contribute to a sinking fund to retire the Notes and the Notes are not guaranteed by a third-party.

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We are not obligated to contribute funds to a sinking fund to repay principal or interest on the Notes upon maturity or default. The Notes are not certificates of deposit or similar obligations of, or guaranteed by, any depositary institution. Further, no private party or governmental entity insures or guarantees payment on the Notes if we do not have enough funds to make principal or interest payments.

A downgrade, suspension or withdrawal of the credit rating assigned by a rating agency to us, the July 2025 Notes, or the Notes, if any, could cause the liquidity or market value of the Notes to decline significantly.

Our credit rating is an assessment by third parties of our ability to pay our obligations. Consequently, real or anticipated changes in our credit rating will generally affect the market value of the Notes. Our credit rating, however, may not reflect the potential impact of risks related to market conditions generally or other factors discussed above on the market value of or trading market for the Notes. Credit ratings are not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold any security, and may be revised or withdrawn at any time by the issuing organization in its sole discretion.

The Notes have received a rating of BBB from Egan-Jones Ratings company. An explanation of the significance of ratings may be obtained from the rating agency. Generally, rating agencies base their ratings on such material and information, and such of their own investigations, studies and assumptions, as they deem appropriate. Neither we nor any underwriter undertakes any obligation to maintain our credit rating or to advise holders of the Notes of any changes in our credit rating. There can be no assurance that our credit rating will remain for any given period of time or that such credit rating will not be lowered or withdrawn entirely by the rating agency if in their judgment future circumstances relating to the basis of the credit rating, such as adverse changes in our company, so warrant.

Risks Related to our Warrants

Our Redbox Warrants are listed on Nasdaq under the symbol “CSSEL” and our Class W Warrants or Class Z Warrants are quoted on the OTC Pink Market but a market may not develop for these warrants.

Our Redbox Warrants are listed on Nasdaq under the symbol “CSSEL” Our Class W Warrants and the Class Z Warrants are quoted on the OTC Pink Market under the symbols “CSSEW” and “CSSEZ”, respectively. We cannot assure you that active trading markets for these warrants will develop, or, if developed, will be sustained. With respect to the Class W and Class Z Warrants, the over-the-counter market is a significantly more limited market than Nasdaq, due to factors such as the reduced number of investors that will consider investing in securities traded over the counter, the reduced number of market makers in the securities, and the reduced number of securities analysts that follow such securities. As a result, of the foregoing, holders of our warrants may find it difficult to resell their warrants at prices quoted in the market or at all. You may be unable to sell Class W Warrants or Class Z Warrants unless a market for such securities can be established or sustained.

Holders of our warrants will have no rights as a common stockholder until such warrants are exercised.

Until holders of our warrants acquire shares of our Class A Common Stock upon exercise of the warrant will have no rights with respect to the shares of Class A Common Stock underlying such warrants.

The market price of our Class A Common Stock may fall below the exercise price of our warrants.

The market price of our Class A Common Stock may fall below the exercise prices of our warrants and remain below such exercise prices through the date of expiration of our warrants. Any warrants not exercised by their date of expiration will expire worthless and we will be under no further obligation to the warrant holder.

Item 2 – Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities

On August 11, 2022, concurrently with the consummation of the merger transaction described below, Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc. (the “Company”) entered into an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (“HPS Credit Agreement”) by and among the Company, as primary borrower, Redbox Automated Retail LLC, as co-borrower (“Redbox

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Automated”), the Lenders named therein, and HPS Investment Partners LLC, as administrative agent and collateral agent (“HPS”).

Pursuant to the terms of the HPS Credit Agreement, the Company has obtained (i) a term loan facility consisting of the conversion, and assumption by the Company, of all “Senior Obligations” under (and as defined in) the HPS Credit Agreement (other than any outstanding Sixth Amendment Incremental Revolving Loans under (and as defined in) the Redbox Credit Agreement as amended by the Sixth Amendment) and (ii) an $80 million revolving credit facility (with any outstanding Sixth Amendment Incremental Revolving Loans under the Redbox Credit Agreement as amended by the Sixth Amendment being deemed, and assumed by the Company as, revolving loans thereunder). In connection with the HPS Credit Agreement, the Company issued HPS and affiliates a five-year warrant (“HPS Warrant”) to purchase up to an aggregate of 1,011,530 shares of the Company’s Class A common stock, par value $0.0001 per share (the “Company’s Class A Common Stock”), at a per-share exercise price of $0.0001. These warrants include customary cashless exercise provisions.

The Company granted registration rights to HPS under which the Company filed a registration statement on Form S-3 with respect to the issuance of the shares of Class A Common Stock issuable upon exercise of the HPS Warrant. The Company also granted substantially identical registration rights to certain holders of Redbox securities that were signatory to the voting and support agreement (pursuant to which they agreed to vote their Redbox securities in favor of the mergers prescribed by the Merger Agreement) relating to the resale of the shares of Company Class A Common Stock they received in exchange for such securities in the mergers.

The Obligations of the Company and its subsidiary guarantors under the HPS Credit Agreement are secured by a first priority lien in substantially all of the assets of the Company and its subsidiaries, subject to certain exceptions.

Item 3 – Defaults Upon Senior Securities

None.

Item 4 – Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 5 – Other Information

None.

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Item 6 – Exhibits

The exhibits filed as part of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are set forth on the Exhibit Index, which is incorporated herein by reference.


Exhibit No.		Description

31.1		Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*

31.2		Certification of Principal Financial and Accounting Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*

32.1		Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*

32.2		Certification of Principal Financial and Accounting Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.*

101.INS		Inline XBRL Instance Document*
101.SCH		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document*
101.CAL		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document*
101.LAB		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document*
101.PRE		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document*
101.DEF		Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document*
104		Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)

* Included herewith.

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SIGNATURES

In accordance with the requirements of the Exchange Act, the registrant caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

	CHICKEN SOUP FOR THE SOUL ENTERTAINMENT, INC.
	(Registrant)

	/s/ Christopher Mitchell
	Christopher Mitchell
	Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

	/s/ William J. Rouhana, Jr.
	William J. Rouhana, Jr.
	Chief Executive Officer
Date: November 14, 2022	(Principal Executive Officer)

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, William J. Rouhana, Jr., certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) for the registrant and have:

a) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under my supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; and

b) Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under my supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; and

c) Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report my conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

d) Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

November
Date: November 14, 2022	/s/ William J. Rouhana, Jr.
	William J. Rouhana, Jr.
	Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

I, Christopher Mitchell, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc.;

b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.


Date: November 14, 2022	/s/ Christopher Mitchell
	Christopher Mitchell Chief Financial Officer
	(Principal Financial Officer)

Exhibit 32.1

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Chicken Soup for the Soul Entertainment, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2022 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Report”), each of the undersigned, in the capacities and on the dates indicated below, hereby certifies pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

1. The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operation of the Company.

November
Date: November 14, 2022	/s/ William J. Rouhana, Jr.
	William J. Rouhana, Jr. Chief Executive Officer
	(Principal Executive Officer)

Exhibit 32.2

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO

18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350

AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO

SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002

1. The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operation of the Company.

Nmber
Date: November 14, 2022	/s/ Christopher Mitchell
	Christopher Mitchell Chief Financial Officer
	(Principal Financial Officer)